Density-dependent shifts in population processes like territoriality, reproduction, dispersal, and parasite transmission are driven by changes in contacts between individuals. Despite this, surprising
Life-history traits such as rates of growth, survival and reproduction can vary though time within a single population, or through space among populations, due to abiotically-driven changes in resourc
Recapture data including information on survival (0 = not captured and assumed to be dead, 1 = survivor) and information on morphology of survivors (SVL, TTL and body mass like in phenotypic traits fi
The canalization hypothesis postulates that the rate at which trait variation generates variation in the average individual fitness in a population determines how buffered traits are against environme