黑河生态水文遥感试验：水文气象观测网数据集（阿柔超级站气象要素梯度观测系统-2015）

该数据集包含了2015年1月1日至2015年12月31日黑河水文气象观测网上游阿柔超级站气象要素梯度观测系统数据。站点位于青海省祁连县阿柔乡草达坂村，下垫面是高寒草地。观测点的经纬度是100.4643E,38.0473N，海拔3033m。空气温度、相对湿度、风速传感器分别架设在1m、2m、5m、10m、15m、25m处，共6层，朝向正北；风向传感器架设在10m处，朝向正北；气压计安装在2m处；翻斗式雨量计安装在阿柔超级站40m观测塔上；四分量辐射仪安装在5m处，朝向正南；两个红外温度计安装在5m处，朝向正南，探头朝向是垂直向下；光合有效辐射仪安装在5m处，朝向正南，探头朝向是垂直向上；土壤部分传感器埋设在塔体正南方向2m处，其中土壤热流板（自校正式）（3块）均埋设在地下6cm处；平均土壤温度传感器TCAV埋设在地下2cm、4cm处；土壤温度探头埋设在地表0cm和地下2cm、4cm、6cm、10cm、15cm、20cm、30cm、40cm、60cm、80cm、120cm、160cm、200cm、240cm、280cm、320cm处，其中4cm和10cm这两层有三个重复；土壤水分传感器分别埋设在地下2cm、4cm、6cm、10cm、15cm、20cm、30cm、40cm、60cm、80cm、120cm、160cm、200cm、240cm、280cm、320cm处，其中4cm和10cm这两层有三个重复。This dataset contains observational data from the meteorological element gradient observation system at the Arou Super Station in the upper reaches of the Heihe River Hydrological and Meteorological Observation Network, covering the period from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015. The station is located in Caodaban Village, Arou Township, Qilian County, Qinghai Province, with an underlying surface of alpine grassland. The geographic coordinates of the observation site are 100.4643°E, 38.0473°N, and the elevation is 3033 m. Air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed sensors were installed at 6 heights: 1 m, 2 m, 5 m, 10 m, 15 m, and 25 m, all facing due north. The wind direction sensor was installed at 10 m height, facing due north. The barometer was installed at 2 m height. The tipping-bucket rain gauge was installed on the 40 m observation tower of the Arou Super Station. The four-component radiometer was installed at 5 m height, facing due south. Two infrared thermometers were installed at 5 m height, facing due south, with their probes pointing vertically downward. The photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) sensor was installed at 5 m height, facing due south, with its probe pointing vertically upward. Soil-related sensors were buried 2 m south of the observation tower. Three self-calibrating soil heat flux plates were all buried at 6 cm below the ground surface. The average soil temperature sensor (TCAV) was buried at 2 cm and 4 cm below the ground surface. Soil temperature probes were installed at the ground surface (0 cm) and at depths of 2 cm, 4 cm, 6 cm, 10 cm, 15 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm, 40 cm, 60 cm, 80 cm, 120 cm, 160 cm, 200 cm, 240 cm, 280 cm, and 320 cm below the ground surface; three replicate measurements were set up for the 4 cm and 10 cm depth layers. Soil moisture sensors were buried at depths of 2 cm, 4 cm, 6 cm, 10 cm, 15 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm, 40 cm, 60 cm, 80 cm, 120 cm, 160 cm, 200 cm, 240 cm, 280 cm, and 320 cm below the ground surface; three replicate sensors were deployed for the 4 cm and 10 cm depth layers.