STUDY OF NEW SYNTHESIS METHODS OF TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES AND THEIR STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES

In this research work, new and effective synthesis methods of complex compounds formed on the basis of transition metals and their structural properties were comprehensively investigated. Transition metal complexes are considered one of the important branches of coordination chemistry due to their unique electronic structures, variable oxidation states, and ability to form different coordination geometries, which are of great scientific and practical importance. During the research, Cu(II) and Ni(II) ions were reacted with various organic ligands to synthesize complex compounds. The influence of reaction conditions such as pH, temperature, solvent type, and metal–ligand ratio on complex formation was studied. The obtained results demonstrated that changes in synthesis conditions directly affect the coordination number, geometric structure, and stability of the complexes. The structural properties of the synthesized complexes were analyzed based on their color characteristics, solubility, and stability. It was determined that the possible geometric structures of the complexes (octahedral, square-planar, or tetrahedral) depend on the nature of the ligand and the properties of the central metal ion.本研究对以过渡金属（transition metals）为基础形成的配合物的新型高效合成方法及其结构性质展开了全面系统的探究。过渡金属配合物（transition metal complexes）因其独特的电子结构、可变的氧化态以及可形成多种配位几何构型的能力，被视作配位化学（coordination chemistry）的重要分支之一，兼具极高的科学与实用价值。研究过程中，本研究将铜(II)（Cu(II)）与镍(II)（Ni(II)）离子与多种有机配体（organic ligands）进行反应以合成配合物，并考察了pH值、反应温度、溶剂类型及金属-配体摩尔比等反应条件对配合物生成过程的影响。所得实验结果表明，合成条件的变化会直接影响配合物的配位数（coordination number）、几何结构与稳定性。研究人员基于颜色特征、溶解性能及稳定性对所合成配合物的结构性质进行了分析，最终确定配合物的可能几何构型（八面体、平面正方形或四面体构型）取决于配体的性质与中心金属离子的特性。