Gambling Survey 2011

The survey charted Finnish gambling habits, frequency of gambling, amount of money gambled and views on problem gambling. The term gambling is used here as an umbrella term for lotteries, slot machines, betting, bookmaking, the pools, roulette wheels, and card and dice tables as well as online variations of all of these. The first section of the survey focused on gambling games in general. The respondents were presented with a list of various games (e.g. lotto games and scratchcards of Veikkaus, the National Lottery of Finland, games of chance in a casino and slot machines of Finland's Slot Machine Association, RAY) and asked whether they had played them during the past 12 months or before. Other questions charted online gambling, the gambling websites visited, frequency of gambling activities, and money and time spent on gambling in the previous 30 days. The respondents were asked to estimate the average weekly sum spent on gambling, the largest win in the previous 12 months, their age and the game played when they gambled for the first time. The second section covered perceptions on gambling. The respondents were asked whether they thought gambling was a problem in Finland, whether the problems associated with gambling had increased or decreased and if the government monopoly and the age limit of 18 were effective ways of limiting problem gambling. The respondents were asked to what extent they agreed with statements relating to gambling, such as "people should have the right to gamble whenever they want" and "gambling is detrimental to family life." In the third section, the respondents' Internet use and habits of playing non-gambling games were charted. Questions covered whether they had an Internet connection, how many hours not relating to work they had spent on the Internet in the previous 7 days, whether they played video games and how many hours they had played them in the previous week and month. The respondents' relation to gambling was examined. They were asked how often they returned another day to try to win back the money they had lost, whether they had claimed to be winning while gambling even though they were actually losing money, whether they had gambled more than they intended to, and whether people had criticised their gambling or told them they had a gambling problem. Some questions explored whether the respondents had felt guilty while gambling, whether they had wanted to stop betting money or gambling but could not do so, and whether they had hidden their gambling from their family members. Some questions covered arguments with the people the respondents lived with over how the respondents handled money and whether those arguments had centred on their gambling. Other topics included whether the respondents had borrowed from someone and not paid them back as a result of their gambling, whether they had lost time from work or school due to betting or gambling, and whether they had borrowed or acquired money to gamble or to pay gambling debts. Finally, opinions were probed on whether the respondents themselves gambled or had gambled too much, whether they had gambled money borrowed for other purposes and whether they had tried to seek help for gambling addiction. Most of the questions in this section focused on the circumstances in the previous 12 months. The final section pertained to health and welfare. The respondents were asked to estimate their current status of health and how often they had felt nervous, calm, despondent and happy in the previous four weeks. They were also asked if they had, in the previous 12 months, had periods during which they had been discouraged, sad or depressed, or lost their interest in things that they usually found pleasing. Smoking and alcohol use were charted. Background variables included the respondent's gender, year of birth, marital status, number of years studied, monthly net income and employment status.本调研系统梳理了芬兰民众的赌博行为、赌博频率、投注金额及对问题赌博（problem gambling）的看法。此处“赌博”为总括性术语（umbrella term），涵盖彩票、老虎机（slot machines）、体育博彩、博彩经纪业务、赌池、轮盘赌、纸牌与骰子桌游，以及上述各类玩法的线上变体。 调研的第一板块聚焦通用赌博游戏。调研对象被提供了一份涵盖各类游戏的清单（例如芬兰国家彩票公司Veikkaus的乐透游戏与即开票、芬兰老虎机协会（RAY）的赌场游戏与老虎机），并被问及在过去12个月内是否参与过这些游戏。其余问题涵盖线上赌博、访问过的赌博网站、过往30天内的赌博活动频率，以及投注花费的资金与时间。调研对象需估算每周平均赌博开销、过去12个月内的最大中奖金额、自身年龄，以及首次参与赌博时所游玩的游戏类型。 第二板块围绕民众对赌博的认知展开。调研对象被问及是否认为赌博在芬兰是一个社会问题、赌博相关问题是否有所增减，以及政府垄断经营与18岁年龄限制是否为管控问题赌博的有效手段。同时要求调研对象对与赌博相关的表述表明认同程度，例如"民众有权随时参与赌博"与"赌博对家庭生活有害"。 第三板块调研了调研对象的互联网使用习惯与非赌博类游戏的游玩情况。问题涵盖是否拥有互联网连接、过去7天内非工作用途的互联网使用时长、是否游玩电子游戏，以及过去一周与一个月内的游戏时长。 调研还考察了调研对象与赌博的关联情况：被问及的问题包括是否会在输钱后择日再战以挽回损失、是否会在赌博输钱时谎称自己赢钱、是否赌博时长超出原定计划、是否有人批评其赌博行为或指出其存在赌博问题。另有部分问题探究调研对象是否在赌博时感到愧疚、是否曾试图停止投注或赌博却未能做到、是否向家人隐瞒自己的赌博行为。 部分问题涉及与同住者因理财方式产生的争执，以及此类争执是否围绕赌博展开。其余议题包括是否因赌博向他人借款且未偿还、是否因博彩或赌博耽误工作或学业、是否曾借款或募集资金用于赌博或偿还赌债。 调研还涉及调研对象对自身赌博行为的看法，例如是否认为自己赌博过度、是否曾挪用其他用途的借款进行赌博，以及是否曾因赌博成瘾寻求帮助。本板块的多数问题聚焦于过去12个月内的相关情况。 最后一个板块涉及健康与福祉状况。调研对象需估算自身当前的健康状态，并评价过去4周内感到紧张、平静、沮丧与快乐的频率。同时被问及在过去12个月内是否曾出现过气馁、悲伤或抑郁的阶段，或是对日常喜爱的事物丧失兴趣。吸烟与饮酒情况亦被纳入调研范畴。 背景变量包括调研对象的性别、出生年份、婚姻状况、受教育年限、月净收入与就业状态。