Data from: Meiotic drive reduces egg-to-adult viability in stalk-eyed flies

A number of species are affected by sex ratio meiotic drive (SR), a selfish genetic element located on the X chromosome that causes dysfunction of Y-bearing sperm. SR is transmitted to up to 100% of offspring, causing extreme sex ratio bias. SR in several species is found in a stable polymorphism at a moderate frequency, suggesting there must be strong frequency-dependent selection resisting its spread. We investigate the effect of SR on female and male egg-to-adult viability in the Malaysian stalk-eyed fly, Teleopsis dalmanni. SR meiotic drive in this species is old, and appears to be broadly stable at a moderate (~20%) frequency. We use large-scale controlled crosses to estimate the strength of selection acting against SR in female and male carriers. We find that SR reduces the egg-to-adult viability of both sexes. In females, homozygous females experience greater reduction in viability (sf = 0.242) and the deleterious effects of SR are additive (h = 0.511). The male deficit in viability (sm = 0.214) is not different from that in homozygous females. The evidence does not support the expectation that deleterious side-effects of SR are recessive or sex-limited. We discuss how these reductions in egg-to-adult survival, as well as other forms of selection acting on SR, may maintain the SR polymorphism in this species.多种物种均受性比减数分裂驱动（sex ratio meiotic drive, SR）影响——这是一类定位于X染色体的自私遗传元件，可导致携带Y染色体的精子功能失常。SR可传递给高达100%的子代，引发极端的性比偏斜。已有多个物种中的SR以中等频率稳定维持多态性，这提示存在强大的频率依赖选择以抑制其扩散。本研究以马来西亚柄眼蝇（Teleopsis dalmanni）为研究对象，探究SR对雌雄个体卵至成虫存活力的影响。该物种中的SR演化历史久远，且似乎以约20%的中等频率广泛稳定存在。我们通过大规模受控杂交实验，估算了雌雄SR携带者所承受的抑制性选择强度。研究发现，SR会降低雌雄两性的卵至成虫存活力。在雌性个体中，纯合子雌性的存活力下降幅度更大（sf = 0.242），且SR的有害效应呈加性特征（h = 0.511）。雄性个体的存活力缺陷（sm = 0.214）与纯合子雌性的缺陷并无显著差异。上述结果并不支持"SR的有害副作用呈隐性或限性"这一预期。我们讨论了卵至成虫存活力的降低，以及其他作用于SR的选择形式，可能如何维持该物种中SR的多态性。