Data and code from: Climate and parasite pressure jointly shape traits mediating the coevolution between an ant social parasite and its host

Host-parasite relationships are often shaped by coevolutionary arms races. While abiotic influences on these dynamics are well documented, a combined analysis of abiotic and biotic factors is essential for understanding coevolution, particularly under climate change. In this study, we analysed the interactions of the obligate social parasite Temnothorax americanus, a dulotic ant, and its primary host, the ant Temnothorax longispinosus, focusing on behavioural and cuticular hydrocarbon (CHCs) traits that govern parasite invasion and host defence. We studied the link between these traits and local climate as well as parasite prevalence. Our results revealed that behavioural interactions were more strongly associated with climate than parasite prevalence. Hosts from warmer, drier regions exhibited reduced aggression during parasite encounters, opting to pick up the brood and flee, while parasites from these regions exhibited greater aggression and activity. CHCs mediating enemy recognition..., , # Data and code from: Climate and parasite pressure jointly shape traits mediating the coevolution between an ant social parasite and its host Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.qjq2bvqv2](10.5061/dryad.qjq2bvqv2) ## Description of the data and file structure **Data overview** This section contains information related to the datasets, scripts, and figures used to analyse and visualise the variation in the expression of host and parasite traits across space: 1. \"behaviour\" traits: We used behavioural assays to evaluate the behavioural response of *T. longispinosus* subcolonies to different intruders (i.e. *T. americanus* workers), and intruder themselves, across space. Of the 450 videos, a representative subset of videos (N = 30; one video per treatment (n = 3) / per population (n = 10)) was selected and stored on Dryad to represent the behavioural assays, as the total video volume was very large (<3 TB). Each video is named with the random number of the host colony, followed by an “_...,**宿主-寄生生物关系通常由协同进化军备竞赛所塑造。尽管非生物因素对这些动态的影响已有充分记载，但结合分析非生物与生物因素对于理解协同进化至关重要，在气候变化背景下尤其如此。本研究针对专性社会性寄生生物*美洲扁胸切叶蚁（Temnothorax americanus）*——一种蓄奴蚁（dulotic ant）——与其主要宿主*长刺扁胸切叶蚁（Temnothorax longispinosus）*之间的互作展开分析，重点关注调控寄生生物入侵与宿主防御的行为性状与表皮碳氢化合物（cuticular hydrocarbon, CHCs）。我们探究了上述性状与局地气候以及寄生生物流行率之间的关联。研究结果显示，行为互作与气候的关联度高于其与寄生生物流行率的关联度。来自温暖干燥区域的宿主在遭遇寄生生物时攻击性降低，转而选择搬移幼虫并逃离；而来自此类区域的寄生生物则表现出更强的攻击性与活动能力。介导天敌识别的表皮碳氢化合物…… # 数据与代码来源：《气候与寄生生物压力共同塑造调控蚂蚁社会性寄生生物与宿主协同进化的性状》 数据集DOI：10.5061/dryad.qjq2bvqv2 ## 数据与文件结构说明 **数据概览** 本部分包含用于分析并可视化宿主与寄生生物性状在空间维度上的表达差异的数据集、脚本及图表相关信息： 1. "behaviour" 性状：我们通过行为实验，评估了*长刺扁胸切叶蚁（Temnothorax longispinosus）*亚群落对不同入侵者（即*美洲扁胸切叶蚁（Temnothorax americanus）*工蚁）以及入侵者自身在空间梯度上的行为响应。 由于总视频体量极大（<3 TB），我们从450段视频中选取了代表性子集（共30段，每个处理组（n=3）/每个种群（n=10）对应1段视频），存储于Dryad平台以代表本次行为实验的所有视频。每段视频以宿主群落的随机编号命名，其后接「_……」