CoD.lion.leo

Known causes of mortality for juvenile (<2 years) and independent (≥2 years) lions and leopards in the Sabi Sand Game Reserve, South Africa, from 1975 to 2015. ‘Interspecific - other’ includes animals killed by species other than lions or leopards, usually by other predators (e.g., spotted hyaenas, Nile crocodiles) or prey (e.g., buffalos, chacma baboons). ‘Malnutrition/disease’ includes lions and leopards that were malnourished and disappeared soon after (normally old individuals (i.e., ≥16 years) or juveniles that were orphaned), as well as individuals that were known to die from disease (e.g., sarcoptic mange). ‘Other’ includes natural causes of mortality such as drowning and fire. ‘Anthropogenic’ includes lions and leopards killed by people, typically when they ranged beyond the reserve into surrounding communities.

1975年至2015年，南非萨比沙禁猎区（Sabi Sand Game Reserve）内，年龄不足2岁的幼崽与年满2岁及以上的独立生存狮、豹的已知致死原因。‘种间-其他（Interspecific - other）’类别包含死于狮、豹以外物种的个体，这类致死通常由其他捕食者（如斑鬣狗、尼罗鳄）或猎物（如非洲水牛、查科马狒狒）造成。‘营养不良/疾病（Malnutrition/disease）’类别包含营养不良且随后迅速失踪的个体，这类个体通常为年龄≥16岁的老年个体，或是成为孤儿的幼崽；同时也包含确诊死于疾病的个体（如疥螨病）。‘其他’类别包含溺水、火灾等自然致死原因。‘人为因素（Anthropogenic）’类别包含被人类猎杀的狮、豹个体，这类情况通常发生在它们走出保护区进入周边社区时。