Replication Data for: War and Nationalism: How WW1 battle deaths fueled civilians' support for the Nazi Party

Can wars breed nationalism? We argue that civilians' indirect exposure to war fatalities can trigger psychological processes that increase identification with their nation and ultimately strengthen support for nationalist parties. We test this argument in the context of the rise of the Nazi Party after World War 1. To measure localized war exposure, we machine-coded information on all 8.6 million German soldiers who were wounded or died in WW1. Our empirical strategy leverages battlefield dynamics that cause plausibly exogenous variation in the county-level casualty fatality rate---the share of dead soldiers among all casualties. We find that throughout the interwar period, electoral support for right-wing nationalist parties, including the Nazi Party, was 2.6 percentage points higher in counties with above-median casualty fatality rates. Consistent with our proposed mechanism, we find that this effect was driven by civilians rather than veterans and areas with a preexisting tradition of collective war commemoration.战争能否催生民族主义？我们提出，平民间接接触战争死亡事件，可触发一系列心理进程，提升其民族身份认同，并最终强化对民族主义政党的支持。我们以第一次世界大战(World War 1)后纳粹党(Nazi Party)的崛起为背景，对这一论点进行检验。为衡量本地化的战争暴露程度，我们对第一次世界大战中负伤或阵亡的全部860万名德国士兵的相关信息进行了机器编码。我们的实证策略利用了战场动态因素，该因素可在县级层面的伤亡死亡率（即所有伤亡人员中的阵亡士兵占比）上产生合理的外生变异。我们发现，在战间期，伤亡死亡率高于中位数的县级行政区中，包括纳粹党(Nazi Party)在内的右翼民族主义政党的得票率高出2.6个百分点。与我们提出的作用机制一致，我们发现该效应由平民而非退伍军人驱动，且仅存在于此前存在集体战争纪念传统的地区。