Fish biometry and concentration of volatile siloxanes in liver of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and shorthorn sculpin (Myxocephalus scorpius) sampled during RV Lance cruise COPOL in 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate presence and potential accumulation of cyclic volatile methyl siloxanes (cVMS) in the Arctic environment. Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4), decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5), and dodecamethylcy-clohexasiloxane (D6) were analyzed in sediment, Zooplankton, Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), shorthorn sculpin (Myxocephalus scorpius), and bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus) collected from the Svalbard archipelago within the European Arctic in July 2009. Highest levels were found for D5 in fish collected from Adventfjorden, with average concentrations of 176 and 531 ng/g lipid in Atlantic cod and shorthorn sculpin, respectively. Decreasing concentration of D5 in sediment collected away from waste water outlet in Adventfjorden indicates that the local settlement of Longyearbyen is a point source to the local aquatic environment. Median biota sediment accumulation factors (BSAFs) calculated for D5 in Adventfjorden were 2.1 and 1.5 for Atlantic cod and shorthorn sculpin, respectively. Biota concentrations of D5 were lower or below detection limits in remote and sparsely populated regions (Kongsfjorden and Liefdefjorden) compared to Adventfjorden. The levels of cVMS were found to be low or below detection limits in bearded seal blubber and indicate a low risk for cVMS accumulation within mammals. Accumulation of cVMS in fish appears to be influenced by local exposure from human settlements within the Arctic.本研究旨在探究北极环境中环状挥发性甲基硅氧烷（cyclic volatile methyl siloxanes, cVMS）的赋存状态与潜在积累特征。2009年7月，研究人员于欧洲北极圈范围内的斯瓦尔巴群岛采集了沉积物、浮游动物、大西洋鳕鱼（Gadus morhua）、短角杜父鱼（Myxocephalus scorpius）及髯海豹（Erignathus barbatus）样本，并对其中八甲基环四硅氧烷（octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, D4）、十甲基环五硅氧烷（decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, D5）与十二甲基环六硅氧烷（dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane, D6）开展了分析检测。在Adventfjorden峡湾采集的鱼类样本中，D5的检出水平最高，大西洋鳕鱼与短角杜父鱼的平均脂相浓度分别为176 ng/g与531 ng/g。Adventfjorden峡湾内远离污水处理排放口的沉积物中D5浓度呈递减趋势，表明朗伊尔城（Longyearbyen）的人类定居点是当地水生环境的点污染源。针对Adventfjorden峡湾的D5，计算得到的生物沉积物积累因子（biota sediment accumulation factors, BSAFs）中位数分别为：大西洋鳕鱼2.1，短角杜父鱼1.5。相较于Adventfjorden峡湾，偏远且人口稀少的区域（Kongsfjorden峡湾与Liefdefjorden峡湾）内，生物样本中的D5浓度更低，甚至低于检出限。髯海豹鲸脂样本中的cVMS水平普遍较低或低于检出限，表明哺乳动物体内cVMS的积累风险较低。鱼类体内的cVMS积累似乎受到北极地区人类定居点的本地暴露影响。