Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Daily Precipitation Standard Rain Gage Measurements, 1956 - present

Precipitation has been measured using rain gauges located in or around each watershed since 1956. Three types of rain gauges have been used: standard, mechanical weight recording, and electronic weight recording. Between 1956 and 2014, precipitation was measured weekly at standard gages located at 24 stations in or near gaged watersheds and at the headquarters building. Weight-recording gages were located at 7 of the 24 stations and capture a continuous strip-chart record. Weekly totals were prorated using daily totals from the nearest recording gage. Beginning in 2011, electronic weighing rain gauges began being implemented to measure 15-minute precipitation. The number of precipitation stations was reduced to 10, when each station was fully converted to an electronic gauge for measuring 15-minute and daily precipitation beginning in 2015 (Green et al. 2018). These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station. Green, M.B., Campbell, J.L., Yanai, R.D., Bailey, S.W., Bailey, A.S., Grant, N., Halm, I., Kelsey, E.P. and Rustad, L.E., 2018. Downsizing a long-term precipitation network: Using a quantitative approach to inform difficult decisions. PLoS one, 13(5), p.e0195966.自1956年起，研究人员依托安装于各流域内部及周边的雨量计（rain gauge）开展降水观测。本次研究共使用三类雨量计：标准型雨量计、机械式称重记录雨量计与电子称重记录雨量计。1956年至2014年间，在24个受监测流域内或邻近流域的标准雨量计站点，以及总部办公楼处，每周开展一次降水观测。上述24个站点中有7个配备了称重记录雨量计，可获取连续的纸带记录数据。研究人员通过最近的记录雨量计的日降水总量，对周降水总量进行折算。2011年起，项目开始部署电子称重雨量计，以15分钟为时间间隔采集降水数据。2015年，所有站点全面升级为可同时采集15分钟级与日级降水数据的电子雨量计，此时降水观测站点总数缩减至10个（Green等，2018）。本次降水数据隶属于哈伯德布鲁克生态系统研究（Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study, HBES）项目。HBES是依托哈伯德布鲁克实验林开展的协同研究项目，该实验林由美国农业部林务局北部研究站（USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station）运营维护。参考文献：Green, M.B.、Campbell, J.L.、Yanai, R.D.、Bailey, S.W.、Bailey, A.S.、Grant, N.、Halm, I.、Kelsey, E.P. 及 Rustad, L.E.，2018年：《缩减长期降水观测网络：采用定量方法辅助艰难决策》，《公共科学图书馆·综合》（PLoS ONE），13(5)，文章编号e0195966。