Data from: Optimization of parameters in cylindrical and surface grinding for improved surface finish

Surface integrity has attracted attention of the researchers for improving the functional performance of the engineering products. Improvement in surface finish, one of the important parameters in surface integrity, has been attempted by researchers through different processes. Grinding has been widely used for final machining of components requiring smooth surfaces coupled with precise tolerances. Proper selection of grinding wheel material and grade with grinding parameters can result in improved surface finish improved surface characteristics. Present work reports the study of the effect of grinding parameters on surface finish of EN8 steel. Experiments were performed on surface grinding and cylindrical attachment for optimization of grinding process parameters for improved surface finish. Grinding wheel speed, depth of cut, table feed, grinding wheel material and table travel speed for surface grinding operation and work speed for cylindrical grinding operation were taken as the input parameters with four types of grinding wheels (Al2O3 of grade K and L, and white alumina of grade J and K). The surface roughness was taken as output parameter for experimentation. The grinding wheel material and grade have been observed as the most significant variables for both the cylindrical grinding and surface of grinding. Surface roughness in case of surface grinding is better compared to cylindrical grinding which can be attributed to vibrations produced in the cylindrical grinding attachment. Surface roughness (Ra) value of 0.757 µm in cylindrical grinding and 0.66 µm in surface grinding has been achieved.表面完整性（Surface Integrity）对于提升工程产品的功能性能，已受到研究者的广泛关注。作为表面完整性的核心参数之一，表面光洁度（Surface Finish）的优化一直是研究者通过多种工艺手段探索的目标。磨削加工因可实现高精度公差配合与光滑表面质量，已被广泛应用于零件的最终精加工工序。合理选择砂轮材料、砂轮粒度等级，并匹配适配的磨削工艺参数，可有效改善工件表面光洁度与整体表面特性。本研究针对磨削工艺参数对EN8钢表面光洁度的影响展开了系统探究。为优化磨削工艺参数以提升表面光洁度，研究分别采用平面磨削与外圆磨削附件开展了相关实验。本次实验选用四类砂轮作为研究载体：K级、L级氧化铝（Al₂O₃）砂轮，以及J级、K级白刚玉砂轮；平面磨削工况的输入参数包括砂轮转速、背吃刀量、工作台进给速度、砂轮材料及工作台横向移动速度，外圆磨削工况的输入参数则为工件转速。实验以表面粗糙度（Surface Roughness）作为核心输出评价指标。研究表明，砂轮材料与粒度等级是影响平面磨削与外圆磨削加工效果的最显著变量。平面磨削的表面粗糙度表现优于外圆磨削，该差异可归因于外圆磨削附件工作过程中产生的振动。实验最终达成的表面粗糙度（Ra）结果为：外圆磨削工况下可达0.757μm，平面磨削工况下可达0.66μm。