Data from: Host conservatism, geography, and elevation in the evolution of a Neotropical moth radiation

The origins of evolutionary radiations are often traced to the colonization of novel adaptive zones, including unoccupied habitats or unutilized resources. For herbivorous insects, the predominant mechanism of diversification is typically assumed to be a shift onto a novel lineage of host plants. However, other drivers of diversification are important in shaping evolutionary history, especially for groups residing in regions with complex geological histories. We evaluated the contributions of shifts in host plant clade, bioregion, and elevation to diversification in Eois (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), a hyper-diverse genus of moths found throughout the Neotropics. Relationships among 107 taxa were reconstructed using one mitochondrial and two nuclear genes. In addition, we used a genotyping-by-sequencing approach to generate 4,641 SNPs for 137 taxa. Both data sets yielded similar phylogenetic histories, with relationships structured by host plant clade, bioregion, and elevation. While diversification of basal lineages often coincided with host clade shifts, more recent speciation events were more typically associated with shifts across bioregions or elevational gradients. Overall, patterns of diversification in Eois are consistent with the perspective that shifts across multiple adaptive zones synergistically drive diversification in hyper-diverse lineages.进化辐射的起源通常可追溯至对全新适应性地带的拓殖，包括未被占据的生境或未被利用的资源。对于植食性昆虫而言，学界通常认为其物种分化的主要机制是转向新支系的寄主植物。然而，其他物种分化驱动因素对塑造进化历史同样至关重要，尤其是栖息于地质历史复杂区域的类群。本研究针对哀蛾属（Eois，鳞翅目：尺蛾科）——一类遍布新热带区的高度多样蛾类类群——评估了寄主植物支系、生物区以及海拔的转变对其物种分化的贡献。研究利用1个线粒体基因与2个核基因，重建了107个类群的系统发育关系；此外，采用测序基因分型（genotyping-by-sequencing，GBS）技术，为137个类群生成了4641个单核苷酸多态性（Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms，SNPs）位点。两类数据集均得到了相似的系统发育历史，类群间的亲缘关系由寄主植物支系、生物区以及海拔所界定。尽管基干类群的物种分化通常与寄主植物支系的转变相吻合，但较晚发生的物种形成事件则更多与跨生物区或海拔梯度的转变相关联。总体而言，哀蛾属的物种分化模式与“跨多个适应性地带的转变协同推动高度多样类群的物种分化”这一学术观点相一致。