速生丰产林生产经营过程信息化关键技术研究与应用
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利用信息技术集成速生丰产林生产经营全过程所需的专业知识和决策技术，以信息化 带动林业生产管理现代化，研究面向林企、林农的信息服务机制以及相关的知识管理、知 识表达技术，以北方杨树、南方桉树等速生树种为对象，研制速生丰产林培育技术远程咨询服务系统和速生丰产林生产（培育）、经营过程智能决策支持系统，改变落后、粗放的 经营管理模式，节约资源，提高土地生产力，为缓解我国木材供需矛盾、提高林业企业、 林场和广大农户经济收入水平服务。 项目研究面向林农的信息服务机制以及相关的知识管理、知识表达技术，以速生树种 为主要研究对象，构建了具有动态更新功能的速生丰产林培育技术知识库、病虫害诊治知识库 研究速生丰产林培育作业经营专家的知识组成、获取技术和决策推理过程 集成速 生丰产林生长收获与经营决策模型、林分经营动态决策技术，分别面向不同的地区、树种和经营模式开发了森林培育专家决策支持系统、东北地区速生丰产林培育技术远程咨询系统、桉树速生丰产林专家决策支持系统、杨树速生丰产林生产经营智能决策支持系统等4个系统。这些系统通过互联网全方位为广西、北京、河北、山东以及东北地区的基层林业局、林业工作站、林场、苗圃和林农提供森林培育过程中的造林地的诊断、造林树种与森林培育模式的决策等各个阶段作业的专家全面决策支持和技术指导 提供专项的速生丰产林生产培育技术专家咨询，并对其经济效益进行计算和评价 提供林木良种信息和主要造林树种的栽培技术、提供森林病虫害专家诊治知识 提供适合林农学习的生态管护人员培 训教程、森林培育技术概论和杨树速生林培育技术网络教材。 通过这些系统的示范推广，能达到改进原有经营管理模式、提高林木经营管理水平的 目的，林业企业、林场和广大农户经济收入水平效益明显。其中项目建设成果在广西推广 应用面积达到85.77万亩，通过桉树培育、经营决策支持系统应用，实现良种选择、适地 适树、密度管理和收获控制等信息化管理和综合经营决策，示范林场桉树林分平均生长量 可提高2.0-4.0m3/hm2/年 ，折算为蓄积量示范推广区域内6年生桉树蓄积量可提高 12-24 m3/hm2，按照蓄积量提高12 m3/hm2、70%出材率、600元/立方米桉树价格，每亩桉树每年 可增收56元，85.77万亩桉树，一个轮伐期（6年）可累计增收28818.72万元。
This project integrates professional knowledge and decision-making technologies required for the entire production and management process of fast-growing and high-yield plantations using information technology, aiming to modernize forestry production management through informatization. It researches information service mechanisms targeting forestry enterprises and farmers, as well as related knowledge management and knowledge representation technologies. Taking fast-growing tree species such as poplar in northern China and eucalyptus in southern China as research objects, it develops remote consultation service systems for fast-growing and high-yield plantation cultivation techniques and intelligent decision support systems for the production (cultivation) and management processes of fast-growing and high-yield plantations. The project aims to transform the backward and extensive management modes, conserve resources, improve land productivity, and alleviate the contradiction between timber supply and demand in China, while increasing the economic income of forestry enterprises, forest farms and farmers. The project researches information service mechanisms targeting farmers and related knowledge management and knowledge representation technologies, with fast-growing tree species as the main research objects. It constructs knowledge bases for fast-growing and high-yield plantation cultivation techniques and pest and disease diagnosis and treatment with dynamic update functions. It studies the knowledge composition, acquisition technologies and decision-making inference processes of experts in fast-growing and high-yield plantation cultivation and management. It integrates growth yield and management decision-making models and stand management dynamic decision-making technologies, and develops four systems respectively for different regions, tree species and management modes: forest cultivation expert decision support system, remote consultation system for fast-growing and high-yield plantation cultivation techniques in Northeast China, eucalyptus fast-growing and high-yield plantation expert decision support system, and poplar fast-growing and high-yield plantation production and management intelligent decision support system. These systems provide full-range expert decision support and technical guidance for various operation stages such as afforestation land diagnosis, afforestation tree species and forest cultivation mode decision-making during the forest cultivation process, via the Internet, for grassroots forestry bureaus, forestry workstations, forest farms, nurseries and farmers in Guangxi, Beijing, Hebei, Shandong and Northeast China. They also provide specialized expert consultation on fast-growing and high-yield plantation production and cultivation techniques, and calculate and evaluate their economic benefits. In addition, they provide improved forest tree seed information and cultivation techniques for main afforestation tree species, expert knowledge for forest pest and disease diagnosis and treatment, training courses for ecological management personnel suitable for farmers' learning, introduction to forest cultivation techniques, and online teaching materials for poplar fast-growing plantation cultivation techniques. Through the demonstration and promotion of these systems, the original management modes can be improved and forestry management levels can be enhanced, with obvious economic income benefits for forestry enterprises, forest farms and farmers. The project's construction results have been promoted and applied over an area of 857,700 mu in Guangxi. By applying the eucalyptus cultivation and management decision support system, informatized management and comprehensive management decisions such as improved variety selection, site-specific tree planting, density management and harvest control have been realized. The average annual growth of eucalyptus stands in demonstration forest farms can be increased by 2.0-4.0 m³/hm²/year. Converted to stock volume, the stock volume of 6-year-old eucalyptus in the demonstration promotion area can be increased by 12-24 m³/hm². Based on the stock volume increase of 12 m³/hm², 70% timber recovery rate, and the eucalyptus price of 600 yuan per cubic meter, the annual income increase per mu of eucalyptus can reach 56 yuan. For 857,700 mu of eucalyptus, the cumulative income increase over one rotation period (6 years) can reach 288,187,200 yuan.
