TEAMx, DECIPHER, Monte Baldo, CONCERNING Raman lidar measurements, Processed Data (University of Basilicata)

1. Description of dataset and instrument This dataset contains processed atmospheric profiles acquired by the CONCERNING (COmpact RamaN lidar for Atmospheric CO2 and ThERmodyNamic ProfilING) Raman lidar, deployed at Malga Valfredda (Monte Baldo, Italy) during the DECIPHER campaign (https://sites.google.com/unitn.it/decipherproject/home-page), conducted within the framework of the TEAMx Observational Campaign (https://www.teamx-programme.org/) in summer 2025. CONCERNING is a transportable Raman lidar developed by the Lidar Group of the University of Basilicata (Di Girolamo et al., 2025; Di Paolantonio et al., 2026). It provides accurate, high-resolution measurements of vertical profiles of atmospheric CO₂, water vapor mixing ratio, temperature, and aerosol backscatter and extinction coefficients. The DECIPHER campaign was organized by the University of Trento on the eastern slope of Monte Baldo with the aim of characterizing the development of thermally driven slope winds, including their turbulence properties, and investigating their role in the initiation of orographic convection. 2. Measurement strategy during the campaign 2.1 Description of data collection Raw data was collected with 10 s temporal resolution and 7.5 m vertical resolution from 0 to 115 km. 2.2 Time period covered by the data 11 July 2025 - 10 October 2025 2.3 Time zone UTC 2.4 Physical location Latitude: 45.66687, Longitude: 10.82417, Altitude 1326 m. 3. Data Processing The CONCERNING raw acquisitions are preprocessed by averaging (30-minute means) and subtracting a per-profile background estimated over dedicated raw-bin windows (pre-trigger bins). The range-corrected signal is obtained as RCS = (signal − background) · R². The scattering ratio has been calculated as the ratio between the 354.7 nm elastic and the 386.7 nm N₂ Raman channel, corrected for molecular (Rayleigh) two-way transmission, uncalibrated. The water-vapour mixing ratio is derived from the 407 nm H₂O / 387 nm N₂ Raman ratio (Ansmann et al., 1992) and corrected for the differential molecular two-way transmission. The calibration constant is determined by comparison with water-vapour profiles from the ERA5 reanalysis, using cloud-screened time windows characterized by a stable calibration factor, and is subsequently applied to the entire period covered by each calibration window. Processed data are truncated at 15 km altitude. 4. Data Format The dataset is distributed as NetCDF-4 files containing two processing levels. Coordinates: - time — profile start time, UTC- range — range above the lidar [m]- altitude — height above mean sea level [m] Level-1 products, Signal / background / RCS for every processed channel (355 nm, 387 nm, 407 nm; analog and photon counting): - signal_{…} — background-subtracted lidar signal- background_{…} — background estimate per profile- rcs_{…} — range-corrected signal (signal × R²) Level-2 products: - scattering_ratio_355 — ratio between the 354.7 nm elastic and the 386.7 nm N₂ Raman channel, corrected for molecular transmission, uncalibrated [A.U.]- water_vapour_mixing_ratio — water-vapour mixing ratio [g kg⁻¹]- wv_calibration_constant — water-vapour calibration constant [g kg⁻¹] 5. Release notes This first release (v1.0) covers the whole campaign period, with a temporal resolution of 30 minutes and a vertical resolution of 7.5 m. Preliminary quality control was applied to the Level-2 products.Future releases of the dataset will extend product coverage and incorporate improved quality control measures. 6. Data Sharing Policy within DECIPHER 6.1 Data Types Two data types are envisioned, namely Raw Data and Processed Data. The submission of both data types is not mandatory. "Raw Data" consists of the dataset as measured by the sensor. Data manipulation by the curators must be kept to a minimum, i.e., converting the file format and including metadata. Curators must include the tag "Raw Data" in the title of the dataset to refer to this data type. "Processed Data" consists of the dataset after manipulation through a documented, literature-compliant procedure of data processing, including data cleaning, quality control, and averaging. The procedure must be documented in the dataset description page. Curators must include the tag "Processed Data" in the title of the dataset to refer to this data type. 6.2 Internal Use Datasets will be initially accessible only to the partners who contributed measurements on Monte Baldo. The agreement between partners for the usage of other’s datasets is to propose coauthorship to the respective owners. The requirements for public data use depend on the level of data processing, whether raw or processed: The use of "Raw Data" by the project consortium is bound to a proper crediting of the dataset, using the reference reported on the dataset page. For the first 6 months after the dataset's publication, co-authorship proposals must be made to the data owners. Beyond this initial period, co-authorship is no longer mandatory, but users are encouraged to offer it to the curators. The use of "Processed Data" by the project consortium is bound to a proper crediting of the dataset, using the reference reported on the dataset page. Users of the processed data must offer co-authorship to the data curators. 7. Data Sharing and Public Data Use within TEAMx Complying with the TEAMx data management plan: “Any use of TEAMx data products, during or after the embargo period, must include an acknowledgement (i.e., citation) of the source and the data provider. Data users must inform the respective data providers if a data product is to be shared with other parties via journal articles, presentations, and research proposals. If the data product constitutes a substantial part of the work, the data provider should be offered co-authorship and the opportunity to collaborate (both during and after the embargo period). In the case of co-authorship, an additional acknowledgement of the data provider is not required.”