A report for the ontogeny of schooling behavior in homo- and heterogeneous tadpole groups

To compare the ontogeny of schooling behavior between homo- and heterogeneous tadpole groups of the Japanese mountain frog (Rana ornativentris), I measured the schooling behavior of a pure group consisting only of siblings and a mixed group consisting of siblings and non-siblings weekly for 5 weeks. The mean individual and nearest-neighbor distances decreased with increasing ontogeny up to hindlimb development. However, there were no significant differences in mean distances between the pure and mixed tadpole groups. The heterogeneity prepared in this study did not affect the schooling behavior of this species.为比较日本林蛙（Rana ornativentris）同质性与异质性蝌蚪群集群行为的个体发育规律，本研究每周对仅由同胞个体组成的纯系群，以及由同胞与非同胞个体共同组成的混合群的集群行为进行了为期5周的测定。个体平均距离与最近邻距离随个体发育进程（直至后肢发育阶段）逐渐减小；然而纯系与混合蝌蚪群之间的平均距离并无显著差异。本研究设置的群体异质性并未对该物种的集群行为产生影响。