Effect of interfering TOR signaling pathway on the biosynthesis of terpenoids in <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge</i>

The TOR (Target of Rapamycin) signaling pathway, which takes TOR kinase as the core, regulates the absorption, distribution, and recycling of nutrients by integrating metabolic network and other signaling pathways, thus participating in the plant growth-defense trade-off. While terpenoids play an important role in plant growth, development, stress response, and signal transduction. The effect of the TOR signaling pathway on terpenoid biosynthesis in plants has yet to be studied in detail. In this study, the tissue culture seedlings of <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> were treated with the TOR inhibitor AZD8055. The results show that the roots of the control group had begun to grow on the 8th day, while the seedlings treated with AZD8055 had no rooting signs. Combined with the expression changes of genes related to the TOR signaling pathway in the first 8 days, samples on the 3rd, 6th, and 8th days were selected for RNA-Seq analysis. Through RNA-Seq analysis, a total of 50,689 unigenes were obtained from the samples of these three periods, of which 4088 unigenes showed differential expression. The function enrichment and time-series analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) showed that the main influence of the TOR signal pathway on plant growth-related processes was gradually transmitted with treatment time after TOR was inhibited. Pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs showed that the genes in the biosynthesis of terpenoids, such as diterpenoid and carotenoid biosynthetic pathways, could be regulated. Compared with other stages, DEGs related to terpenoid biosynthesis were mainly regulated in the S2 stage. In addition, the genes involved in terpenoid skeleton biosynthesis was also considerably enriched in the S2 stage, according to the results of gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of unigenes. Inhibition of the TOR signaling pathway may affect the biosynthesis of terpenoid signaling molecules, inhibit gibberellin’s biosynthesis, and promote abscisic acid’s biosynthesis. This study has discussed the effect of interfering with the TOR pathway on terpenoid biosynthesis in <i>S. miltiorrhiza</i> from the perspective of omics and provides new insight into the interaction between the terpenoid biosynthesis pathway and the growth-defense trade-off of medicinal plants.

以雷帕霉素靶蛋白（Target of Rapamycin，TOR）激酶为核心的TOR信号通路，可通过整合代谢网络与其他信号通路，调控营养物质的吸收、分布与循环利用，进而参与植物生长与防御的权衡调控。萜类化合物在植物生长发育、胁迫响应及信号转导过程中发挥着重要作用。目前，TOR信号通路对植物萜类生物合成的调控机制仍有待深入研究。本研究以丹参（*Salvia miltiorrhiza*）组织培养苗为实验材料，采用TOR抑制剂AZD8055进行处理。结果显示，对照组幼苗于第8天开始生根，而AZD8055处理组幼苗未出现任何生根迹象。结合前8天内TOR信号通路相关基因的表达变化，本研究选取第3、6、8天的样本进行RNA测序（RNA-Seq）分析。通过RNA-Seq分析，三个时期的样本共获得50689个单基因（unigene），其中4088个单基因呈现差异表达。对差异表达基因（differentially expressed genes, DEGs）进行功能富集与时序分析后发现，TOR被抑制后，其信号通路对植物生长相关进程的主要调控作用随处理时间推移逐渐显现。对DEGs的通路富集分析显示，二萜、类胡萝卜素生物合成等萜类生物合成相关基因均可受到调控。与其余阶段相比，萜类生物合成相关的DEGs主要在S2阶段受到调控。此外，通过单基因集合富集分析（Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, GSEA）结果可知，参与萜类骨架生物合成的基因在S2阶段也显著富集。抑制TOR信号通路可能会影响萜类信号分子的生物合成，抑制赤霉素的生物合成并促进脱落酸的生物合成。本研究从组学视角探讨了干扰TOR通路对丹参萜类生物合成的调控作用，为解析药用植物萜类生物合成通路与生长-防御权衡之间的互作关系提供了新的见解。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集通过抑制TOR信号通路，研究其对丹参中萜类化合物生物合成的影响，包含RNA-Seq分析获得的50,689个unigenes和4,088个差异表达基因数据。数据集提供原始表格文件，聚焦于萜类生物合成通路（如二萜和类胡萝卜素通路）的基因调控分析，揭示了TOR通路在植物生长防御权衡中的作用。