Breaking force Spekia

One molluscan autapomorphy is the radula, the organ used for feeding. Here, for the first time, the performance and failure of taenioglossan radular teeth were tested in a biomechanical experiment which in turn allowed building hypotheses about tooth functionalities. Shear load was applied to tooth cusps with a force transducer until structural failure occurred, the broken area was measured, and finally breaking stress was calculated. These experiments were carried out under dry and wet conditions. Our results show that certain tooth types can resist higher stresses and are rather specialised to loosen food items from a surface, whereas other teeth can only gather food particles. The experiments additionally illustrate the high influence of the water content on the resulting breaking stress. When wet teeth were tested, their ductility and ability to avoid being fractured by an obstacle increased. Their flexibility also allowed them support from teeth of adjacent tooth rows, which made t...软体动物的一项独有衍征（autapomorphy）为齿舌（radula），这是其用于取食的器官。本研究首次通过生物力学实验测试了带舌型齿舌齿（taenioglossan radular teeth）的功能表现与失效模式，并据此构建了关于齿功能的相关假说。实验通过力传感器向齿尖施加剪切载荷，直至发生结构失效，随后测量断裂区域并计算得到断裂应力。本实验分别在干燥与湿润两种条件下开展。研究结果显示，部分齿型可承受更高应力，且特化用于从基底剥离食物，而其余齿仅能用于收集食物颗粒。此外，实验还揭示了水分含量对断裂应力的显著影响：湿态齿的延展性与避免因障碍物发生断裂的能力均有所提升，其柔韧性还使其能够获得相邻齿列中其他齿的支撑，从而……