In Situ Observations from the International Arctic Buoy Programme (IABP) 2017 - 2022, Level 1

The U.S. Interagency Buoy Program (USIABP) collects and collates in situ observations from Arctic buoys deployed by the Participants of the IABP. This dataset contains the following variables from these buoys: Latitude, Longitude, the time delay of the position report in minutes (Delay(Min)), Barometric Pressure Tendency (BPT),Barometric Pressure (BP), Surface Temperature (Ts), Air Temperature (Ta), Hull Temperature (Th), and Battery Voltage (Batt). Each file contains one years worth of data from all buoys reporting during that year. This is level 1 data, meaning that the data has been quality controlled for errors in position, range checks, and consistency with neighboring observations as per Guidelines provided by the WMO/IOC Data Buoy Cooperation The USIABP is supported by NSF AON Grant # 1951762, and significant contributions from many other US agencies including Office of Naval Research Grant # N00014-20-1-2207, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Grant # NA20OAR4320271, and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Grant # 80NSSC21K1148, Coast Guard, Department of Energy, and North Slope Borough Search and Rescue. Panel. Missing data is reported as -999. The data header for each file is as follows: BuoyID, Year, Month, Day, Hour, Minute, Second, Lat, Lon, Delay(Min), BPT, BP, Ts, Ta, Th, Batt Where: Year, Month, Day, Hour, Minute, Second: The date and time for the variables BPT, BP, Ts, Ta, Th, and Batt Delay(Min): The delay in minutes between the reported time and the time of the Lat and Lon measurement. This is usually zero, but sometimes Lat/Lon reporting can lag behind the reporting for the other variables. Lat: Latitude (N) Lon: Longitude (E) BPT: Barometric Pressure Tendency hPa/hr BP: Barometric Pressure in hPa Ts: Surface Temperature in Celsius (This can be either water temperature or ground temperature, depending on whether the buoy is on ice or in water) Ta: Air Temperature in Celsius Th: Hull Temperature in Celsius(The temperature inside the buoy) Batt: Battery Voltage There is a companion file for each data file named "Stats_yyyy.csv". This file lists all the unique buoys contained in the data file labeled "ADC_LEVEL1_yyyy.csv" along with relevant information about the buoy. This info includes dates of active reporting for the year, min/max variable values, and number of missing values for each variable.美国跨机构浮标计划（U.S. Interagency Buoy Program, USIABP）收集并汇整由国际北极浮标计划（International Arctic Buoy Program, IABP）参与方部署的北极浮标原位观测数据。本数据集包含此类浮标的以下变量：纬度（Latitude）、经度（Longitude）、位置报告延迟时长（单位：分钟，Delay(Min)）、气压倾向（Barometric Pressure Tendency, BPT）、气压（Barometric Pressure, BP）、表面温度（Surface Temperature, Ts）、气温（Air Temperature, Ta）、壳体温度（Hull Temperature, Th）以及电池电压（Battery Voltage, Batt）。 每个文件包含对应年份内所有当年上报浮标的全年观测数据。本数据集为一级数据（Level 1 Data），即已按照世界气象组织（World Meteorological Organization, WMO）与政府间海洋学委员会（Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, IOC）数据浮标合作小组（Data Buoy Cooperation Panel）发布的指南，针对位置误差、范围校验以及与邻近观测的一致性完成了质量控制。 USIABP由美国国家科学基金会（National Science Foundation, NSF）北极观测网络（Arctic Observing Network, AON）项目（资助编号#1951762）资助，同时获得美国海军研究办公室（资助编号# N00014-20-1-2207）、美国国家海洋和大气管理局（National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA，资助编号# NA20OAR4320271）、美国国家航空航天局（National Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA，资助编号# 80NSSC21K1148）、海岸警卫队、能源部以及北坡自治市搜救部门的重要支持。 缺失数据以-999标记。每个文件的数据表头格式如下： BuoyID, Year, Month, Day, Hour, Minute, Second, Lat, Lon, Delay(Min), BPT, BP, Ts, Ta, Th, Batt 各字段说明如下： - Year、Month、Day、Hour、Minute、Second：对应BPT、BP、Ts、Ta、Th及Batt变量的观测日期与时间； - Delay(Min)：位置报告时间与经纬度测量时间之间的分钟延迟，通常为0，但有时经纬度上报会滞后于其他变量的上报； - Lat：纬度（北纬，N）； - Lon：经度（东经，E）； - BPT：气压倾向，单位为百帕每小时（hPa/hr）； - BP：气压，单位为百帕（hPa）； - Ts：表面温度，单位为摄氏度，根据浮标部署环境可为水温或地表温度（浮标部署于冰面或水中时分别对应）； - Ta：气温，单位为摄氏度； - Th：壳体温度，单位为摄氏度（浮标内部温度）； - Batt：电池电压。 每个数据文件均配有名为Stats_yyyy.csv的配套文件，该文件列出了对应ADC_LEVEL1_yyyy.csv数据文件中包含的所有唯一浮标及其相关信息，包括该年度浮标的有效上报时段、各变量的极值（最小值/最大值）以及各变量的缺失值数量。