Gender, Species Priorities, and Domestication in South and Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia

Tree domestication includes any activities that brings trees into wider cultivation to provide people food, building material, medicine, other tree products, or income from the sales of tree products. It may also positively influence the conservation of endangered species or the provision of environmental services. Research on tree domestication is not merely focused on integrating trees on to farm or community land, but also most consider socio-cultural-economic factors and institutional aspects that influenced the domestication process. Gender is an important factor in tree domestication that has not been sufficiently researched to date. Women and men have different set of knowledge, experiences, and strategies in addressing tree propagation, management, utilization and marketing. This study investigated gender roles on selecting priority species and its domestication of economically important species in South and Southeast Sulawesi. Women are keen to domesticate vegetables and other annual crops that contribute directly to household food security and nutrition. Women focus those domestication activities on land near the home. Men and women give priority to tree species with high economic value; the management of those species is a priority for men but shared by women. Identifying gender roles and knowledge related to tree domestication is important in the planning program on tree-based livelihood enhancement and sustain able environmental management. The discussion will arrive on the issues how the domestication by including women has positive impact on women empowerment but in some cases will lead to burden树木驯化（Tree domestication）指一切将树木推广至规模化栽培的活动，旨在为人类提供粮食、建筑材料、药材、其他林木产品，或通过售卖林木产品获取收益。此类活动亦可对濒危物种保护及环境服务供给产生积极影响。树木驯化相关研究不仅聚焦于将树木融入农田或社区土地的实践，还需充分考量影响驯化进程的社会、文化、经济及制度层面因素。性别是树木驯化进程中的重要影响因素，但迄今为止相关研究仍较为匮乏。男性与女性在林木繁育、经营管理、开发利用及市场销售等环节所掌握的知识、积累的经验与采用的策略均存在显著差异。本研究以苏拉威西岛南部与东南部地区为研究区域，探讨了优先树种选择及经济价值重要树种驯化过程中的性别角色。女性更倾向于驯化可直接提升家庭粮食安全与营养水平的蔬菜及其他一年生作物，其驯化活动多集中于住宅周边的土地。男性与女性均将高经济价值树种列为优先驯化对象；但此类树种的经营管理工作多由男性主导，女性亦会参与其中。明确与树木驯化相关的性别角色及知识体系，对于制定以林木产业提升民生福祉、实现可持续环境管理为目标的规划方案具有重要意义。本次讨论将探讨：将女性纳入树木驯化活动既能对女性赋权产生积极作用，但在部分情境下也可能为女性带来额外负担。