Data from: The genomic ancestry, landscape genetics, and invasion history of introduced mice in New Zealand

The house mouse (Mus musculus) provides a fascinating system for studying both the genomic basis of reproductive isolation, and the patterns of human- mediated dispersal. New Zealand has a complex history of mouse invasions, and the living descendants of these invaders have genetic ancestry from all three subspecies, although most are primarily descended from M. m. domesticus. We used the GigaMUGA genotyping array (~135,000 loci) to describe the genomic ancestry of 161 mice, sampled from 34 locations from across New Zealand (and one Australian city - Sydney). Of these, two populations, one in the south of the South Island, and one on Chatham Island, showed complete mitochondrial lineage capture, featuring two different lineages of M. m. castaneus mitochondrial DNA but with only M. m. domesticus nuclear ancestry detectable. Mice in the northern and southern parts of the North Island had small traces (~2-3%) of M. m. castaneus nuclear ancestry, and mice in the upper South Island had ~7-8% M. m. musculus nuclear ancestry including some Y-chromosomal ancestry – though no detectable M. m. musculus mitochondrial ancestry. This is the most thorough genomic study of introduced populations of house mice yet conducted, and will have relevance to studies of the isolation mechanisms separating subspecies of mice.家鼠（Mus musculus）是研究生殖隔离的基因组基础以及人类介导的扩散模式的理想模型系统。新西兰拥有复杂的家鼠入侵历史，这些入侵种群的现存后代携带了三个亚种的遗传血统，尽管多数个体主要源自小家鼠驯化亚种（M. m. domesticus）。本研究采用GigaMUGA基因分型阵列（GigaMUGA genotyping array，约135000个位点），对采集自新西兰全境34个采样点以及澳大利亚悉尼市的161只家鼠开展了基因组血统分析。其中两个种群——分别位于南岛南部以及查塔姆群岛——呈现完全的线粒体谱系捕获现象：它们携带两种不同的小家鼠孟加拉亚种（M. m. castaneus）线粒体DNA谱系，但仅能检测到驯化亚种的核基因组血统。北岛北部与南部的家鼠仅携带少量（约2%~3%）孟加拉亚种的核基因组血统；南岛上部的家鼠则携带约7%~8%的小家鼠指名亚种（M. m. musculus）核基因组血统，其中包含部分Y染色体血统，但未检测到指名亚种的线粒体血统。本研究是目前针对家鼠入侵种群最为全面的基因组学研究，其成果将对小鼠亚种间生殖隔离机制的相关研究具有重要参考意义。