A review of existing and potential blue carbon contributions to climate change mitigation in the Anthropocene

The atmosphere concentration of CO2 is steadily increasing and causing climate change. To achieve the Paris 1.5 or 2 oC target, negative emissions technologies must be deployed in addition to reducing carbon emissions. The ocean is a large carbon sink but the potential of marine primary producers to contribute to carbon neutrality remains unclear. Here we review the alterations to carbon capture and sequestration of marine primary producers (including traditional ‘blue carbon’ plants, microalgae, and macroalgae) in the Anthropocene, and, for the first time, assess and compare the potential of various marine primary producers to carbon neutrality and climate change mitigation via biogeoengineering approaches. The contributions of marine primary producers to carbon sequestration have been decreasing in the Anthropocene due to the decrease in biomass driven by direct anthropogenic activities and climate change. The potential of blue carbon plants (mangroves, saltmarshes, and seagrasses) i...大气二氧化碳浓度持续攀升并引发气候变化。为达成《巴黎协定》1.5℃或2℃温控目标，除削减碳排放外，还需部署负排放技术。海洋是巨型碳汇，但海洋初级生产者（marine primary producers）助力碳中和的潜力仍有待明晰。 本研究综述了人类世（Anthropocene）下海洋初级生产者（含传统蓝碳（blue carbon）植物、微藻与大型藻类）的碳捕获与固存过程变化，并首次通过生物地球工程（biogeoengineering）手段，评估并比较了各类海洋初级生产者实现碳中和与减缓气候变化的潜力。 人类世背景下，受直接人为活动与气候变化驱动的生物量衰减影响，海洋初级生产者的固碳贡献持续走低。蓝碳植物（红树林、盐沼与海草）的潜力...