Data from: Geographic differentiation of domesticated einkorn wheat and possible Neolithic migration routes

To analyse the spread of domesticated einkorn into Europe, 136 landraces, nine wild einkorns and three T. urartu were fingerprinted by the DArT-seq marker technology. The obtained 3455 SNP markers confirmed earlier results about the separation of wild and domesticated einkorn from T. urartu and about the pinpointing of the domesticated forms to the Karacadağ Mountains (Turkey). Further analyses identified two major domesticated landrace einkorn groups, one relating to the Prealpine region and one to the Maghreb/Iberian region. The previous published four geographical provenance groups were mostly identified in our results. The earlier reported unique position of the Maghreb/Iberia einkorns cannot be confirmed, as the three landrace clusters we identified with STRUCTURE also occur in the remaining einkorn, although at different frequencies. The results are discussed in respect to the spreading of domesticated einkorn into Western Europe and two possible Neolithic migration routes are indicated.为解析驯化单粒小麦（domesticated einkorn）向欧洲的传播路径，本研究采用DArT-seq标记技术（DArT-seq marker technology）对136份单粒小麦地方品种、9份野生单粒小麦以及3份乌拉尔图小麦（T. urartu）进行了指纹图谱分析。本研究获得的3455个单核苷酸多态性（Single Nucleotide Polymorphism, SNP）标记验证了此前的研究结论：野生与驯化单粒小麦均与乌拉尔图小麦存在遗传分化，且驯化单粒小麦的起源地可精确至土耳其的卡拉达格山脉（Karacadağ Mountains）。进一步分析共鉴定出2个主要的驯化单粒小麦地方品种类群，一类对应前阿尔卑斯地区（Prealpine region），另一类对应马格里布/伊比利亚地区（Maghreb/Iberian region）。本研究结果基本复现了此前已发表的4个地理起源类群。此前报道的马格里布/伊比利亚单粒小麦所特有的系统发育位置未得到验证：本研究通过STRUCTURE软件鉴定出的3个地方品种聚类群在其余供试单粒小麦材料中同样存在，仅频率存在差异。本研究就驯化单粒小麦向西欧的传播路径展开讨论，并提出了2条可能的新石器时代（Neolithic）迁徙路线。