Supporting large data for: Solar geoengineering could redistribute malaria risk in developing countries

Solar geoengineering is often framed as a stopgap measure to decrease the magnitude, impacts, and injustice of climate change. However, the benefits or costs of geoengineering for human health are largely unknown. We project how geoengineering could impact malaria risk by comparing current transmission suitability and populations-at-risk under moderate and high greenhouse gas emissions scenarios (Representative Concentration Pathways 4.5 and 8.5) with and without geoengineering. We show that if geoengineering deployment cools the tropics, it could help protect high elevation populations in eastern Africa from malaria encroachment, but could increase transmission in lowland sub-Saharan Africa and southern Asia. Compared to extreme warming, we find that by 2070, geoengineering would nullify a projected reduction of nearly one billion people at risk of malaria. Our results indicate that geoengineering strategies designed to offset warming are not guaranteed to unilaterally improve health o...太阳辐射地球工程（Solar geoengineering）常被视作缓解气候变化强度、减轻其影响与不公的权宜之计。然而，地球工程对人类健康的利弊在很大程度上仍未明确。我们通过对比存在与不存在地球工程的情境下，中等与高温室气体排放情景（典型浓度路径4.5与8.5，Representative Concentration Pathways）中的当前疟疾传播适宜性与受威胁人口规模，预估地球工程对疟疾风险的影响。研究表明，若地球工程部署能够冷却热带区域，或可帮助东非高海拔人口免受疟疾侵袭，但却可能加剧撒哈拉以南非洲低地与南亚地区的疟疾传播。相较于极端增温情景，我们发现至2070年，地球工程将抵消原本预计将减少的近10亿疟疾受威胁人口的规模。我们的研究结果显示，旨在抵消气候变暖的地球工程策略，未必能单方面改善健康状况……