Sample dataset on using complex networks to model European heatwaves

In 2023 the KNMI conducted an R&D sprint in which a multidisciplinary team formed by scientists and technologists created a new dataset modelling European heatwaves. Using E-OBS daily maximum temperature we carry out an event synchronization analysis which is subsequently followed by a modelling phase using complex networks. Complex networks are methods capable of understanding the relationship between pairs of nodes in a network, in our case, different geographic regions across Europe. The analysis produced a set of daily NetCDF files for the summer period 1990-2020 containing five network coefficients (i.e. betweenness centrality, clustering coefficient, degree of centrality, input degree, and output degree). These coefficients might be used to calculate propagation characteristics of heatwaves. We release this first sample of data to the general public, so that new research efforts can stem from this dataset. Note that this sample dataset is release for research purposes, not operations, and hence some problems might arise. If so, drop us a line at garciamarti [at] knmi.nl, and we can help.2023年，荷兰皇家气象研究所（KNMI）开展了一场研发冲刺项目，由科学家与技术专家组成的跨学科团队在该项目中构建了一套用于模拟欧洲热浪的新型数据集。研究团队借助E-OBS每日最高气温数据集开展了事件同步分析，随后采用复杂网络（complex networks）方法进入建模阶段。复杂网络是一类可用于解析网络中节点对之间关联关系的方法，在本研究中，网络节点对应欧洲各地理区域。本次分析生成了1990-2020年夏季的每日NetCDF格式文件，其中包含五类网络系数，即介数中心性（betweenness centrality）、聚类系数（clustering coefficient）、度中心性（degree of centrality）、入度（input degree）与出度（output degree）。这些系数可用于计算热浪的传播特征。我们将该首批数据样本向公众开放，以期该数据集能够支撑后续的各类研究工作。请注意，本样本数据集仅面向科研用途开放，而非用于业务运营，因此可能存在疏漏或问题。若遇到相关问题，请发送邮件至garciamarti[at]knmi.nl与我们联系，我们将提供协助。