Melatonin metabolism and effects

Melatonin is an important regulator of circadian rythmus and influences also insulin secretion, immune function, retinal function and neuroprotection. The synthesis starts with the amino acid tryptophan which is catalyzed to serotonin. AANAT and ASMT catalyze the reaction to N-acetylserotonin and melatonin, respectively. Melatonin is mainly discarded by the liver enzyme CYP1A2 but other enzymes from the cytochrome family are also known to metabolize melatonin. Recent investigation show e.g. that melatonin plays an important role in colon cancer growth. Proteins on this pathway have targeted assays available via the [https://assays.cancer.gov/available_assays?wp_id=WP3298 CPTAC Assay Portal]褪黑素作为一种至关重要的昼夜节律调节因子，不仅影响着胰岛素的分泌、免疫功能、视网膜功能及神经保护作用，而且其合成过程始于氨基酸色氨酸，经催化转化为血清素。AANAT 和 ASMT 分别催化该反应生成 N-乙酰血清素和褪黑素。褪黑素主要通过肝脏酶 CYP1A2 进行代谢，但其他来自细胞色素家族的酶亦已知参与褪黑素的代谢。近期研究表明，例如，褪黑素在结肠癌的生长过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。该途径上的蛋白质可通过 [https://assays.cancer.gov/available_assays?wp_id=WP3298 CPTAC 测定门户] 进行靶向测定。