Learning Deprivation Severity;PASEC for grade 2 using MPL 4 for reading

Learning Deprivation Severity captures the inequality of learning among the learning deprived population and is the gap squared in relation to the minimum proficiency squared. This indicator is calculated based on the data from the Conférence des ministres de l’Éducation des États et gouvernements de la Francophonie’s (CONFEMEN) learning assessment program called PASEC (Programme d’analyse des systèmes éducatifs). PASEC's assessments are based on the measurement of skills in reading at the start of primary education (2nd grade), using Minimum proficiency level (MPL) 4 as the benchmark of basic knowledge.