Distinct retrograde signaling pathways have been identified for several cellular organelles. These pathways are important to maintain the function of these organelles in response to organelle-specific
In insects, the midgut tissue plays an important role for feeding and survival. The midgut is an unprotected interface with the environment; along with the Malpighian tubules and fat body, it is a pri
Insects are one of the most species-rich groups of metazoan organisms. They play a pivotal role in most non-marine ecosystems and many insect species are of enormous economical and medical importance.