CRISPR-BASED GENOME MODIFICATION AND REGULATION

The present invention provides RNA-guided endonucleases， which are engineered for expression in eukaryotic cells or embryos， and methods of using the RNA-guided endonuclease for targeted genome modification in in eukaryotic cells or embryos. Also provided are fusion proteins， wherein each fusion protein comprises a CRISPR/Cas-like protein or fragment thereof and an effector domain. The effector domain can be a cleavage domain， an epigenetic modification domain， a transcriptional activation domain， or a transcriptional repressor domain. Also provided are methods for using the fusion proteins to modify a chromosomal sequence or regulate expression of a chromosomal sequence.