Metagenome sequencing and 103 microbial genomes from ballast water and sediments

The great threaten of microbes carried by ballast water calls for figuring out the species composition of the ballast-tank microbial community, where the dark, cold, and anoxic tank environment might select special taxa. In this study, we reconstructed 103 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), including 102 bacteria and one archaea from four vessels of international voyages. Of these MAGs, 60 were ‘near complete’ (completeness >90%), 34 were >80% completeness, and nine were >75% completeness. Phylogenomic analysis revealed that over 70% (n = 74) of these MAGs represented new taxa at different taxonomical levels, including one order, three families, 12 genera and 58 species. Species composition of these MAGs were most consistent with the previous reports, with the most abundant phyla were Proteobacteria (n = 69), Bacteroidota (n = 17), and Actinobacteria (n = 7). These draft genomes provided novel data of species diversity and function in ballast-tank microbial community, which will facilitate ballast water and sediments management.压载水携带的微生物所带来的巨大威胁，要求我们明确压载舱微生物群落的物种组成——昏暗、低温且缺氧的舱室环境，可能会筛选出特殊的分类群。本研究从4艘国际航行船舶中，重构得到103个宏基因组组装基因组（metagenome-assembled genomes, MAGs），其中102个为细菌，1个为古菌。在上述MAGs中，60个完整性为近完整（完整性>90%），34个完整性大于80%，9个完整性大于75%。系统发育基因组学分析显示，其中超过70%（n=74）的MAGs属于不同分类层级的新分类群，涵盖1个目、3个科、12个属以及58个物种。上述MAGs的物种组成与既往研究报道的结果高度一致，丰度最高的菌门依次为变形菌门（Proteobacteria，n=69）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidota，n=17）与放线菌门（Actinobacteria，n=7）。这些草图基因组为压载舱微生物群落的物种多样性与功能研究提供了全新数据，将有助于压载水及沉积物的管理工作。