TRENDS, FACTORS, AND CONDITIONS POTENTIALLY INFLUENCING ONLINE DISCUSSION FORUM OUTCOMES: A SYNTHESIZED FROM SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

The increasing use of online discussion forum (ODF) as an online computer-mediated communication (CMC) system that allows students to construct knowledge, collaborate and engage with new knowledge has resulted in a growing body of research that aimed at finding ways to enhance student learning outcomes using this platform. After an intensive web search was conducted using Google Scholar, seven previous systematic reviews that studied research trends in ODF were found. These studies have conducted systematic reviews on many different trends, factors and conditions to enhance student learning outcomes in ODF. The aim of the present study was to gather, analyze, and synthesize the seven previous systematic reviews in identifying holistic trends, factors, and conditions that have been reviewed and reported by them towards understanding the successful enhancement of student learning outcomes in this platform. The potential combinations of trends, factors, and conditions that emerged from the syntheses can act as a more holistic predetermined trends, factors and conditions for future improvement on the systematic review research. This study identified and categorized the trends, factors and conditions emerged under three different categories (i.e. general current trends, factors influencing ODF learning outcome (independent variables), and the achievement of ODF learning outcomes (dependent variables)). First and foremost, this study found that the general current trends reported on the ODF research area were based on the research site by region, academic context and academic discipline, forum platform, number of papers per year and research papers per journal, research design, type of analysis, and analysis framework. Next, in terms of the factors and conditions influencing the learning outcome of ODF, previous systematic reviews have reported their findings in terms of (i) stating the purpose in learning activity in ODF, (ii) protocol used in ODF, (iii) pedagogical strategies used in ODF, (iv) assessment used in ODF, (v) moderation used in ODF, (vi) student characteristics in ODF, and (vii) technology issues in ODF. Finally, in terms of the factors and conditions influencing the achievement of ODF learning outcome, they have reported their findings in terms of (i) thinking skills, (ii) achievement, (iii) social construction of knowledge, (iv) communication skills, and (v) others. The findings can help guide novice researchers in finding research gap from previous ODF studies and create opportunity that include forming an important reference base for a more holistic future systematic review in ODF field.

在线讨论论坛（Online Discussion Forum, ODF）作为一种支持学生构建知识、协作互动并接触新知识的计算机中介沟通（Computer-mediated Communication, CMC）系统，其应用日益普及，由此催生了大量旨在探索如何借助该平台提升学生学习成果的研究。本研究通过谷歌学术（Google Scholar）开展全面文献检索后，共获取7篇针对在线讨论论坛研究趋势的既往系统综述。此类既往研究已围绕可提升在线讨论论坛中学生学习成果的各类趋势、影响因素与实施条件展开了系统梳理。本研究的核心目标为对上述7篇既往系统综述进行搜集、分析与综合，以归纳其已综述并报道的、可助力理解该平台学习成果有效提升的整体性趋势、影响因素及实施条件。从综合分析中提炼出的趋势、因素与条件的潜在组合，可作为更具整体性的预设框架，为后续系统综述类研究的优化提供参考。本研究将提炼出的趋势、因素与条件划分为三大类别：即当前通用研究趋势、影响在线讨论论坛学习成果的因素（自变量），以及在线讨论论坛学习成果的达成情况（因变量）。首先，本研究发现，在线讨论论坛研究领域当前的通用研究趋势，主要基于以下维度展开：研究开展的地域、学术场景与学科方向、论坛平台类型、年度发文量与期刊发文占比、研究设计、分析类型与分析框架。其次，在影响在线讨论论坛学习成果的因素与条件方面，既往系统综述的研究发现涵盖以下维度：（i）在线讨论论坛学习活动的目标设定、（ii）在线讨论论坛所采用的活动流程规范、（iii）在线讨论论坛中应用的教学策略、（iv）在线讨论论坛中的评价方式、（v）在线讨论论坛的版主管理机制、（vi）参与在线讨论论坛的学生特征、（vii）在线讨论论坛相关的技术问题。最后，在影响在线讨论论坛学习成果达成的因素与条件方面，既往研究的报道维度包括：（i）思维能力、（ii）学习成就、（iii）知识的社会建构、（iv）沟通技能，以及（v）其他相关维度。本研究的发现可为新手研究者提供参考，帮助其从既往在线讨论论坛相关研究中挖掘研究空白，并为该领域未来开展更具整体性的系统综述构建重要的参考基础，进而创造新的研究契机。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集基于对7个先前系统综述的整合分析，旨在全面识别影响在线讨论论坛（ODF）学习成果的趋势、因素和条件。研究将关键元素分为三类：当前研究趋势（包括研究地点、学术背景等）、影响学习成果的因素（如教学策略、评估方法等）以及学习成果的成就（如思维技能、社会知识建构等）。这些发现为未来系统综述提供了更全面的参考基础，并帮助新手研究人员识别研究空白。