In this paper, a multi-objective version of the recent Constraint Multi-Swarm Particle Swarm Optimization without Velocity (CMPSOWV) is developed. With the focus on wider adoption of optimizatio
This study introduces Felis Catus Optimization (FCO), a novel nature‑inspired metaheuristic algorithm modeled on the ecological and adaptive behavioral dynamics of urban domestic cats. FCO divides its
Various betaine ionic liquids composed of different chain lengths and different anions were designed and synthesized to modify Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB). The results showed that the catalytic
