Microbial diversity sequencing of straw-degrading microorganisms.

The cultivated land area in Northeast China is extensive, resulting in a high abundance of straw resources. However, the current utilization of these resources remains inadequate. Straw contains a significant amount of lignin, and traditional practices such as returning straw directly to the field can pose risks, including the introduction of pathogens and pest eggs that may adversely affect subsequent crops. The use of chemical fertilizers has also led to issues such as soil salinization and compaction. In response to these challenges, recent research has focused on employing microorganisms to pre-degrade straw prior to field application. Nonetheless, the specific biological mechanisms and metabolic pathways involved are not yet fully understood. This study analyzes bacterial 16S rRNA genes and fungal ITS genes using the Illumina NovaSeq sequencing platform and high-throughput sequencing techniques. The microbial agents examined, including Bacillus velezensis, Pseudomonas, Coprinopsis cinerea, and their combinations, have demonstrated enhanced efficiency in straw degradation.