S3CMTF-opt shows the lowest time complexity and S3CMTF-base shows the lowest memory usage. For simplicity, we assume that all modes are of size I, of rank J, and an I × K matrix is coupled to one mode
EEs of DMBBPSO, FisBBPSO, PBBPSO, TBBPSO and ET-BBPSO. Mean EE is the average EE of 37 experiments, Std is the standard deviation of 37 EEs, Rank is the rank competition results based on EEs, f16–f29.