juliensimon/solar-wind
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--- license: cc-by-4.0 pretty_name: "Real-Time Solar Wind (DSCOVR/ACE)" language: - en description: >- Real-time solar wind plasma and magnetic field measurements from the DSCOVR and ACE spacecraft at the L1 Lagrange point, via NOAA SWPC. Updated daily. size_categories: - 10K<n<100K task_categories: - time-series-forecasting - tabular-regression tags: - open-data - space - space-weather - solar-wind - dscovr - ace - noaa - magnetosphere - bz - geomagnetic - tabular-data - parquet configs: - config_name: default data_files: - split: train path: data/solar_wind.parquet --- # Real-Time Solar Wind *Part of the [Space Weather Datasets](https://huggingface.co/collections/juliensimon/space-weather-datasets-69c24cae98f1666f2101ca70) collection on Hugging Face.*   Real-time solar wind measurements from [NOAA SWPC](https://www.swpc.noaa.gov/), combining plasma and magnetic field data from the DSCOVR and ACE spacecraft at the Sun-Earth L1 Lagrange point. Currently **16,098** minute-resolution readings spanning **2026-03-17** to **2026-03-28**. ## Dataset description The solar wind is a continuous stream of charged particles flowing from the Sun. Its speed, density, and magnetic field orientation (especially Bz) are the primary drivers of geomagnetic storms. When Bz turns strongly southward (negative), it couples with Earth's magnetosphere and can trigger storms that affect satellites, power grids, and GPS. This dataset is the **missing link** in the Sun-to-Earth causal chain: solar flare → CME → **solar wind** → Dst/Kp storm → orbital drag. ## Schema | Column | Type | Description | |--------|------|-------------| | `time_tag` | datetime | Measurement time (UTC, ~1-minute cadence) | | `density` | float | Proton density (particles/cm³) | | `speed` | float | Bulk solar wind speed (km/s) | | `temperature` | float | Proton temperature (K) | | `bt` | float | Total magnetic field magnitude (nT) | | `bx_gsm` | float | Magnetic field Bx in GSM coordinates (nT) | | `by_gsm` | float | Magnetic field By in GSM coordinates (nT) | | `bz_gsm` | float | Magnetic field Bz in GSM coordinates (nT) — **key storm driver** | ## Quick stats - **16,098** readings (2026-03-17 to 2026-03-28) - Average speed: **486 km/s**, max: **766 km/s** - Minimum Bz: **-27.9 nT** (7,668 southward readings) ## Usage ```python from datasets import load_dataset ds = load_dataset("juliensimon/solar-wind", split="train") df = ds.to_pandas() # Solar wind speed time series df.plot(x="time_tag", y="speed", title="Solar Wind Speed") # Bz southward events (storm drivers) southward = df[df["bz_gsm"] < -5] print(f"{len(southward)} readings with Bz < -5 nT") # Correlate with Dst index # Join with juliensimon/dst-index on nearest hourly timestamp ``` ## Update frequency Updated **daily at 15:00 UTC** via GitHub Actions. Each run fetches the latest 7-day rolling window from SWPC and appends new readings to the growing dataset. ## Data source [NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center](https://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/real-time-solar-wind). Data from DSCOVR (primary) and ACE (backup) spacecraft at the Sun-Earth L1 point, ~1.5 million km sunward of Earth (~60 minutes ahead of arriving solar wind). ## Related datasets - [dst-index](https://huggingface.co/datasets/juliensimon/dst-index) — Hourly Dst geomagnetic storm index (driven by solar wind) - [donki-space-weather-events](https://huggingface.co/datasets/juliensimon/donki-space-weather-events) — CMEs, storms, shocks - [solar-flare-events](https://huggingface.co/datasets/juliensimon/solar-flare-events) — Individual flare detections - [space-weather-indices](https://huggingface.co/datasets/juliensimon/space-weather-indices) — Daily Kp, Ap, F10.7 ## Pipeline Source code: [juliensimon/space-datasets](https://github.com/juliensimon/space-datasets) ## Support If you find this dataset useful, please give it a ❤️ on the [dataset page](https://huggingface.co/datasets/juliensimon/solar-wind) and share feedback in the Community tab! Also consider giving a ⭐️ to the [space-datasets](https://github.com/juliensimon/space-datasets) repo. ## Citation ```bibtex @dataset{solar_wind, author = {Simon, Julien}, title = {Real-Time Solar Wind (DSCOVR/ACE)}, year = {2026}, publisher = {Hugging Face}, url = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/juliensimon/solar-wind}, note = {Based on NOAA SWPC real-time solar wind data from DSCOVR and ACE} } ```




