MAR-ERA5 European Alps (1981-2020)

This deposit contains MAR simulations over the European Alps domain (7 kilometers resolution) forced by the ERA-5 reanalysis. The version of the MAR model used is v.3.10, model set-up is described in detail in Beaumet et al., 2021 (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-021-01830-x)<br> Contact person : Julien Beaumet ([e-mail]), Martin Menegoz ([e-mail])<br> The simulations cover the period covered by ERA5 reanalysis : 1981-2020 (1979-1980=Spin-up years)<br> Data are available at the daily frequency, with one variable (10 years of data) per file.<br> The available variables in this deposit are :<br> <strong>LWD: </strong>Surface downward longwave radiation, [W/m2]<br> <strong>LWU:</strong> Surface upward longwave radiation, [W/m2]<br> <strong>MB:</strong> Total snow water equivalent, [mm.We]<br> <strong>MBrr:</strong> Daily rainfall, [mm.We] (5)<br> <strong>MBsf:</strong> Daily snowfall, [mm.We] (5) <strong>QQz: </strong> Near-surface specific humidity at constant height, [g/kg] (2) <strong>SWD:</strong> Surface downward shortwave radiation, [W/m2]<br> <strong>SWU:</strong> Surface upward shortwave radiation, [W/m2] <strong>TTmax:</strong> Near-surface maximum air temperature for the first model level above the surface (constant sigma), [C]<br> <strong>TTmin:</strong> Near-surface minimum air temperature for the first model level above the surface (constant sigma),[C] <strong>TTz: </strong>Near-surface mean air temperature at constant-height, [C]<br> <strong>UUz:</strong> Near-surface zonal component of wind speed at constant height, [m/s]<br> <strong>VVz:</strong> Near surface Meridional component of wind speed at constant height, [m/s]<br> <strong>ZN3:</strong> Total snow height, [m] Other variables are available upon request (see email above).<br> AL : Surface albedo, [0-1]<br> CC: Cloud cover, [0-1]<br> CD: Low level Cloud cover, [0-1]<br> CM: Middle level Cloud cover, [0-1]<br> CU: High level Cloud cover, [0-1]<br> SP: Surface pressure, [hPa]<br> ST: Surface temperature, [C]<br> TT: Near-surface mean air temperature for the first three model level above the surface (constant sigma), [C] (1)<br> TTp: Constant pressure-level mean air temperature, [C] (4)<br> ZZ: Surface geopotential for the first three model level above the surface (constant sigma), [m] SHF: Surface sensible heat flux, [W/m2] LHF: Surface latent heat flux, [W/m2] * Latitude(LAT),longitude(LON)and surface elevation (SH) of each grid point can be read in MARgrid_EUl.nc file (1) For variable TT, ZZ model constant sigma level of 0.9997479<br> (2) For variables TTz, QQz constant height level at 2m<br> (3) For variables UUz, VVz constant height level at 10m<br> (4) Variables TTp, UUp, VVp available at pressure level : 925, 850, 800, 700, 600, 500, 200 hPa<br> (5) Snow height and snow water equivalent are available for three sectors which corresponds to three different vegetation type : The three vegetation type used can be readen in the file MARgrid_EUy.nc, with the variable VEG and their respectibe fraction for each grid point is given by the variable FRV. The third vegetation type (sector=3) mostly corresponds to bare soil or low crops by default, but sometimes its fraction=0, which gives unrealistic low values of snow height. In this case, using the max. value on the axis sector often gives the best results.<br> Legend of the vegetation type for the VEG variables : 0:NO_VEGETATION 1:CROPS_LOW 2:CROPS_MEDIUM 3:CROPS_HIGH 4:GRASS_LOW 5:GRASS_MEDIUM 6:GRASS_HIGH 7:BROADLEAF_LOW 8:BROADLEAF MEDIUM 9:BROADLEAF_HIGH 10:NEEDLELEAF_LOW 11:NEEDLELEAF MEDIUM 12:NEEDLELEAF_HIGH 13:City