Elemental characterization of PM2.5 aerosol samples in Beirut city and source apportionment investigation (Metadata RADIATE TA Proposal 23003187-ST)

Proposal title "Elemental characterization of PM2.5 aerosol samples in Beirut city and source apportionment investigation". Measurements carried out at the external beam set-up for atmospheric aerosol analysis of the INFN LABEC accelerator laboratory, on 21 April 2023. Hands-off mode.

The samples in this proposal concern approximately 250 and were collected from Beirut City using ISAP sampler between 2020 and 2022. The main feature of the sampling campaign was to sample twice a week, on Wednesdays and Sundays. For 24 hours, PM2.5 samples were collected on 47 mm Teflon filters in urban areas

Around 250 airborne PM2.5 samples were collected from Beirut City, Lebanon, using an ISAP sampler between 2020 and 2022. The main feature of the sampling campaign was to sample twice a week, on Wednesdays and Sundays. For 24 hours, the PM2.5 were deposited on 47 mm Teflon filters in urban areas with an air volume of approximately 55 m³. The expected air pollution sources that could contribute to the elemental and organic content of PM2.5 can be natural or anthropogenic origin, such as dust storm, fires, transportation vehicles, random burning of waste, diesel generators, etc. These samples were analyzed by PIXE technique using an extracted proton beam of 3.0 MeV (energy on target) to determine their elemental composition. A set of elemental standards and an aerosol reference standard (NIST 2783) were analyzed as well for quality assurance purposes and to check the accuracy of quantitative results.

提案标题："贝鲁特城市PM2.5气溶胶样品元素表征及来源解析研究"。本次测量于2023年4月21日在意大利国家核物理研究所（INFN）LABEC加速器实验室的大气气溶胶分析外束实验装置上开展，采用无人值守模式。

本提案涉及的样品共计约250份，于2020年至2022年间采用ISAP采样器在贝鲁特城市采集。本次采样活动的核心特征为每周采样两次，分别于周三和周日进行。采样时长为24小时，在城市区域将PM2.5颗粒物采集于47毫米特氟龙（Teflon）滤膜上。

本次研究共收集黎巴嫩贝鲁特市约250份大气PM2.5样品，采样周期为2020年至2022年，采样设备为ISAP采样器。本次采样活动的核心特征为每周开展两次采样，采样时间固定为周三与周日。采样全程持续24小时，以约55立方米的空气采样体积，将PM2.5颗粒物沉积于47毫米特氟龙滤膜之上。PM2.5样品中的元素与有机组分可能来自自然源或人为源，潜在污染源包括沙尘暴、火灾、交通运输车辆、随意焚烧垃圾、柴油发电机等。上述样品采用质子诱导X射线发射（PIXE）技术，依托3.0 MeV的引出质子束（靶上能量）进行分析，以测定其元素组成。同时，为保障质量控制并验证定量结果的准确性，本次分析还同步测定了一套元素标准物质及气溶胶参考标准物质（NIST 2783）。