Mean annual cost (€) per person with 95%CI and resource consumption of pulmonary function test.

It includes spirometry and lung volumes, body plethysmography, diffusion capacity, bronchial provocation and reversibility testing. Group A: patients with at least one severe exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (E-COPD) in the three-year pre-index period; Group B: patients with only moderate E-COPD in the three-year pre-index period; Group C patients without E-COPD in the three-year pre-index period.1 p<0.05 vs group A, 2 p<0.05 vs group B.