Distinct stages of the translation elongation cycle revealed by sequencing ribosome-protected mRNA fragments

During translation elongation, the ribosome ratchets along its mRNA template, incorporating each new amino acid and translocating from one codon to the next在翻译延伸过程中，核糖体（ribosome）沿其信使RNA（mRNA）模板发生棘轮移位，依次掺入每一个新的氨基酸，并从一个密码子（codon）移位至下一个密码子。