The relationship between cardiac excitability and contractility depends on when Ca2+ influx occurs during the ventricular action potential (AP). In mammals, it is accepted that Ca2+ influx through the
Abstract Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is known to induce atrial remodeling, which promotes fibrosis related to arrhythmogenesis. Accordingly, since scars induced by catheter ablation (CA) can
BackgroundPulsed field ablation (PFA), a novel non-thermal energy source, has shown favorable 1-year data on the efficacy and safety profile in the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). W