Ordovician crustal thickening and syn-collisional magmatism of Iran: Gondwanan basement along the north of the Yazd Block (Central Iran)

This study investigates relicts of some granitic Gondwanan basement unexpectedly outcropping in the northwest of Central-East Iranian Microcontinent (CEIM) and incorporated into an ophiolitic mélange. Based on petrographical (e.g. high modal content of muscovite (~10 vol.%), absence of hornblende, inherited zircons (>541 Ma)), geochemical (peraluminous and calc-alkaline S-type affinity, high silica, high ‘light rare earth element (LREE)/heavy rare earth element (HREE)’ ratios, negative Nb and Ti anomalies), and geochronological (magmatic zircon age ~448 Ma) results, it is an Ordovician anatectic granite formed from a sedimentary source during crustal thickening in a syn-collisional setting. It shows some signatures of metamorphic deformation (cataclastic fabric, quartz bulging recrystallization, and foliation) likely developed in the Devonian (~410 Ma). The U-Pb zircon ages from this granite are analogous to the other Ordovician collision-related magmatic events in the CEIM (Chahak to Airekan, Balvard). Our results confirm that Cadomian subduction and closure of the Proto-Tethys Ocean to the north of the Gondwana supercontinent resulted in crustal thickening during Ordovician collision-related magmatism and Devonian-Carboniferous regional metamorphism in the CEIM.