Data from: Effects of parental photoperiod and elevation on egg diapause, mortality, and outbreaks of a montane population of Mormon crickets <i>Anabrus simplex </i>(Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae)

With these data, I evaluated the effects of parental photoperiod and offspring environment on prolonged egg diapause, embryonic development and hatching over nine years in natural settings populated by Mormon crickets in the Bighorn Mountains of Wyoming.On July 9, 2015, Mormon crickets were collected on Paint Rock Road (44° 27' 48.853" N, 107° 27' 38.279" W, 2654 m) in the Bighorn Mountains as 7^th instar nymphs and reared in the laboratory at 15:9h light:dark, warming to 30°C during the day and cooling to 24°C at night. Adult females were paired with adult males and each pair was housed in a nylon mesh cage (30x21x21 cm) with a 20x20 cm aluminum pan filled with clean, dry sand for egg laying. Mating pairs were split between two photoperiod treatments: 19 pairs were designated long day (LD) adults and placed in an environmental chamber with a 15:9h light:dark cycle; 20 pairs were designated short day (SD) adults and placed in a second environmental chamber with 12:12h light:dark. Eggs from 12 SD pairs were sifted from the sand on September 3 and the same number of eggs from each pair (n=2, 2, 3, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 9, 9, 11, and 14 eggs) was buried approximately 2 cm beneath the surface in seven sand-filled 10 cm, plastic plant pots (height 8.9 cm, volume 500 ml) for a total of 85 eggs per pot. The pots had a 7.3 cm diameter, plastic mesh net covering the drainage hole at the bottom and a 20 cm diameter Lumite net (1.5 mm mesh, SI Corporation, Gainesville, Georgia) covering the 10 cm diameter, open top, fastened by cable ties around the waist of the pot to prevent small animals from entering and hatched nymphs from escaping. Similarly, eggs from 14 LD pairs were sifted from the sand on September 3<b> </b>and split evenly between seven sand-filled plastic pots (number of eggs from each pair per pot: n=1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3, 4, 7, 7, 8, 11, 11, and 13 eggs) for a total of 74 eggs per pot. A temperature datalogger (Maxim 1922L thermochron) was buried 2 cm beneath the surface in each LD egg pot. One SD and one LD pot were set side by side in the ground on September 9 or September 10 at seven locations (Table 1) in the Bighorn Mountains, Wyoming with the top of each pot even with the ground surface and covered by a galvanized steel hardware cloth (6 mm mesh, 18 x 18 cm) stapled at four corners into the ground to prevent large animals from disturbing the pot of eggs.In late August or early September of each year that followed (2016-2024), the pots were collected, the sand from each pot was dumped into an aluminum cake pan, and air dried overnight. The eggs were examined with the aid of a dissecting scope and categorized into hatched, failed hatch (nymph opened but did not exit egg shell), fully developed (with the eyespot at the end of the egg), half-developed (with the eyespot halfway along the egg), undeveloped (no eyespot visible), dark and flat, fungus, broken, and missing. In four instances, a parasitoid exit hole was also noted. Temperature data loggers were downloaded annually and replaced as needed. In 2016 to 2018, all of the eggs except those that had hatched, failed hatch, or broken were reburied in the pot. From 2019 onwards, eggs that were hatched, failed hatch, broken, or dark, flat, and appearing inviable were discarded (eggs with fungus were returned to the pots). Pots were returned to the same locations where they were collected on the day the eggs were reviewed or the following day.本数据集旨在评估亲代光周期与子代环境对卵滞育时长、胚胎发育及孵化过程的影响，实验周期为9年，在怀俄明州比格霍恩山脉的摩门蟋蟀（Mormon cricket）自然种群栖息地开展。2015年7月9日，研究人员于比格霍恩山脉的佩因特洛克路（坐标44°27'48.853"N, 107°27'38.279"W, 海拔2654 m）采集7龄若虫期摩门蟋蟀，于实验室中以15:9 h的光暗周期饲养，日间温度设定为30℃，夜间降温至24℃。将成年雌虫与雄虫配对饲养，每对成虫被安置于规格为30×21×21 cm的尼龙网笼中，笼内放置20×20 cm的铝制托盘，托盘内铺有洁净干燥的沙土以供成虫产卵。将交配成虫分为两组光周期处理：19对为长日照（LD）成虫组，置于光暗周期为15:9 h的环境箱中；20对为短日照（SD）成虫组，置于另一台光暗周期为12:12 h的环境箱中。2015年9月3日，从沙土中筛取12对SD组成虫所产的卵，每对的产卵量分别为2、2、3、7、7、7、7、7、9、9、11和14枚，将每对的卵等量分配至7个填装沙土的10 cm口径塑料花盆（盆高8.9 cm，容积500 ml）中，每盆总卵数为85枚。花盆底部的排水孔覆盖直径7.3 cm的塑料网，盆口以直径20 cm的Lumite网（网孔1.5 mm，SI Corporation, 佐治亚州盖恩斯维尔）覆盖，并用扎带固定于盆身中部，以防小型动物侵入及初孵若虫逃逸。同理，14对LD组成虫所产的卵于2015年9月3日筛取，每对的产卵量分别为1、1、1、1、3、3、3、4、7、7、8、11、11和13枚，等量分配至7个填装沙土的塑料花盆中，每盆总卵数为74枚。每盆LD组卵盆内均埋入1台Maxim 1922L型温敏温度数据记录仪，埋深约2 cm。2015年9月9日或10日，将1个SD组卵盆与1个LD组卵盆配对安置于比格霍恩山脉的7个采样点（见表1），盆口与地面齐平，并用四角钉入地下的镀锌钢丝网（网孔6 mm，尺寸18×18 cm）覆盖，以防大型动物扰动卵盆。在随后的2016年至2024年每年8月末至9月初，研究人员回收所有卵盆，将盆内沙土倒入铝制烤盘中风干过夜。借助解剖镜对卵进行检视分类，类别包括：已孵化、孵化失败（若虫破壳但未脱离卵壳）、完全发育（卵端可见眼斑）、半发育（眼斑位于卵长中点处）、未发育（无可见眼斑）、黑化扁平、感染真菌、破损及遗失。另有4例观察到寄生蜂羽化孔。每年下载温度记录仪的数据，并按需更换记录仪。2016年至2018年，除已孵化、孵化失败及破损的卵外，其余卵均重新埋回原盆。2019年起，将已孵化、孵化失败、破损，或黑化扁平且无存活迹象的卵丢弃（感染真菌的卵仍放回原盆）。将处理后的卵盆于检视当日或次日放回原安置点位。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集聚焦于摩门蟋蟀（Anabrus simplex）的生态学研究，通过控制亲代光周期（长日照和短日照）并将卵暴露于不同海拔环境中，长期监测卵的滞育、死亡率、发育状态及温度影响。数据收集跨越九年（2016-2024年），在怀俄明州比格霍恩山脉的七个地点进行，涵盖了孵化、发育程度、死亡原因等多维度观测，旨在揭示环境因素对种群动态和爆发潜力的作用。