Reprocessed northern part of deep seismic reflection profile DEKORP 1984-2S across the Taunus Mountains and the Hessian Trough in the state of Hesse, Germany
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The profile 2S was recorded in 1984 as part of the DEKORP project, the German deep seismic reflection program. The focus of the DEKORP project was on deep crustal and lithospheric structures and therefore originally not on structures at shallower depths. From today's perspective, however, this depth range is of great interest for a wide range of possible technical applications (including medium-depth and deep geothermal projects). The original data is published by Stiller et al. (2020). The northernmost 50 km of the 250 km long profile 2S were reprocessed on behalf of the Hessian Agency of Nature Conservation, Environment and Geology (HLNUG). The focus of the reprocessing was on improving the resolution / mapping of geological structures down to a depth of 6 km (approx. 3 s TWT) to describe the prolongation of faults and geological structures in more detail than in previous studies. In order to achieve these goals and in view of the fact that today's processing and evaluation methods have been improved considerably compared to the 1990‘s, a state-of-the-art reprocessing was implemented. In comparison with the original processing (Stiller et al. (2020)), more sophisticated processing steps like CRS (Common Reflection Surface) instead of CDP (Common Depth Point) stacking, turning-ray tomography and prestack time and depth migration were carried out. The reprocessing results of the DEKORP 2S survey comprise all datasets newly achieved in addition to the datasets from the original processing (Stiller et al. (2020)), i.e. (1) the migrated CRS image gathers as unstacked data, and (2) the pure CRS stack, the poststack-time as well as prestack-time and prestack-depth migrated sections as stacked data. Moreover, (3) all velocity models used for the different versions including (4) the separate first-break tomography inversion, are contained. All reprocessed data come in SEGY trace format, the final sections additionally in PDF graphic format. A reprocessing report is included as well as again all meta information for each domain (source, receiver, CDP) like coordinates, elevations, locations and static corrections combined in ASCII-tables for geometry assignment purposes. The DEKORP 2 survey, consisting of the three segments 86-2Q, 86-2N and 84-2S, starts in the sub-Variscan foredeep of the Münsterland Basin and ends in the Moldanubian region at the Danube. The central part crosses the Rhenish Massif (Rhenohercynian), the Spessart Mountains of the Mid-German Crystalline High (Saxothuringian) and the meteorite impact location of the "Nördlinger Ries". DEKORP '84-2S, was the first DEKORP line and the only one which mainly used explosives as the seismic source. The 250 km long, SE-NW striking profile extends from the Rhenohercynian Taunus Mountains to the Danube thereby crossing the Spessart Mountains, the Hessian Trough and the "Nördlinger Ries". The profile DEKORP 2S is the southern continuation of DEKORP 2N, which intersects at profile km 246.08. The reprocessed datasets contain a sub-section of the entire 2S profile with a total length of 50 km of full CDP fold, covering the profile’s northern part through the state of Hesse. The DEKORP '84-2S profile is of particular interest to investigate the seismic resolution of the Rhenohercynian Taunus Mountains including the Taunus ridge, as well as the Tertiary Hessian Trough, the Permian Wetterau nappe and a small part of the crystalline Spessart Mountains. The seismic sections of 2S show clearly visible, predominantly SE-dipping reflectors indicating flat-and-ramp tectonics and a differentiation into a highly reflective lower crust and a less reflective upper crust. Due to the use of explosive shots with relatively large spacing as the seismic source, less new information could be achieved for the uppermost crust compared to the original processing and to other DEKORP (vibroseis) surveys. A clear Moho reflection is visible throughout the whole profile section at a depth of ca. 26 to 28 km.
剖面2S于1984年被记录，作为DEKORP计划（德国深地震反射勘探项目）的组成部分。DEKORP计划的核心研究方向为深部地壳与岩石圈构造，因此最初并未关注浅部构造。但从当前视角来看，该深度区间对诸多潜在技术应用（包括中深部与深部地热项目）具备重要研究价值。原始数据由Stiller等人（2020年）公开发布。 针对这条总长250 km的2S剖面，其最北端50 km的区段由黑森州自然保护、环境与地质局（HLNUG）委托开展了重新处理。本次重新处理的目标为提升分辨率、绘制深度达6 km（约3秒双程旅行时（TWT））的地质构造，以相较于既往研究更为细致的方式刻画断裂与地质构造的延伸形态。 为达成上述目标，同时考虑到当前的处理与评价方法相较1990年代已有显著进步，本次处理采用了当前最先进的重新处理流程。与原始处理（Stiller等，2020年）相比，本次处理引入了更为精密的处理步骤：以共反射面元（CRS，Common Reflection Surface）叠加替代共深度点（CDP，Common Depth Point）叠加，并采用了转向射线层析成像、叠前时间与深度偏移等技术。 DEKORP 2S勘探的重新处理成果，除原始处理的数据集（Stiller等，2020年）外，还包含全部新获取的数据，具体为：(1) 作为非叠加数据的偏移CRS道集；(2) 作为叠加数据的纯CRS叠加剖面、叠后时间偏移剖面、叠前时间偏移剖面与叠前深度偏移剖面。此外，(3) 不同版本处理所用的全部速度模型，以及(4) 独立的初至波层析反演结果，均包含在内。 所有重新处理的数据均采用SEGY道格式存储，最终剖面额外提供PDF图形格式。同时还附带一份重新处理报告，以及用于几何配准的ASCII表格形式的各域（震源、检波器、CDP）元数据，包括坐标、高程、位置与静校正量等信息。 DEKORP 2测线由86-2Q、86-2N与84-2S三个分段组成，其起点位于明斯特兰盆地下的华力西前陆盆地，终点位于多瑙河沿岸的莫尔道瓦地块。该测线的中段穿过莱茵造山带（莱茵海西带）、中欧结晶高地的施佩萨尔特山脉（萨克森-图林根带）以及“讷德林根陨石坑”。 DEKORP '84-2S是第一条DEKORP测线，也是唯一一条主要采用炸药作为震源的测线。这条总长250 km、走向为东南-西北的剖面，从莱茵海西带的陶努斯山脉延伸至多瑙河，途经施佩萨尔特山脉、黑森海槽与“讷德林根陨石坑”。DEKORP 2S剖面是DEKORP 2N剖面的南延部分，二者在测线里程246.08 km处相交。 本次重新处理的数据集仅覆盖整条2S剖面的一个子区段，该子区段全长50 km，具备完整的CDP覆盖次数，对应测线穿过黑森州的北部区域。 DEKORP '84-2S剖面对于研究莱茵海西带陶努斯山脉（包括陶努斯山脊）、第三纪黑森海槽、二叠纪韦特劳推覆体以及施佩萨尔特结晶山脉的小部分区域的地震分辨率具有特殊研究价值。 2S剖面的地震剖面清晰可见以近东南向倾斜反射层为主的构造，指示了平坡式构造（flat-and-ramp tectonics），且可区分出反射性较强的下地壳与反射性较弱的上地壳。由于本次处理采用了间距相对较大的炸药震源，相较于原始处理与其他DEKORP可控震源（vibroseis）勘探项目，本次处理在上地壳浅部获取的新信息相对有限。 在整条剖面区段中，均可观测到清晰的莫霍界面反射，其深度约为26~28 km。
