We used a refluxing mouse model to evaluate the impact of single versus recurrent pyelonephritis on renal fibrosis and kidney function. We induced ascending uropathogenic E. coli infections, started a
Data are the mean ± SEM, n = 14–18, as indicated. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 vs. sham with vehicle; †P<0.05, ††P<0.01 vs. sham with DFO; #P<0.05, ##P<0.01 vs. UUO with vehicle.
