Sexual reproduction can promote genetic diversity in eukaryotes, and yet many pathogenic fungi have been labeled as obligate asexual species. It is becoming increasingly clear, however, that cryptic s
Phenotypic plasticity of wing size and shape has been evaluated in Aphidius ervi developing in its host, Acyrthosiphon pisum, parasitized at seven different ages. The parasitoid wing size was used as
Here is presented the most parsimonious model. Plasticity is estimated by the variance of forewing melanisation between temperatures (a) and the absolute slope of the thermal reaction norm (b). We use
Hylobius abietis (Linnaeus) or large pine weevil (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) is a significant pest of European coniferous forests. In order to gain understanding of the functional physiology of this s
