数据来源：[ 人虎冲突风险的驱动因素和潜在的缓解方法]

人类与野生动物的冲突已成为保护主义者面临的重大挑战，特别是在大型食肉动物等濒危物种正在恢复的地区。如果我们不能平衡人类和野生动物的利益，人类与野生动物的冲突可能会产生不利的后果。然而，人类与野生动物冲突的驱动因素以及如何缓解冲突往往知之甚少。本研究旨在通过时空生态位划分，探讨人虎冲突风险的触发原因和潜在的缓解方法。基于2014—2019年东北珲春东北虎捕食牛群的报告数据和相机陷阱检测数据，对东北虎的发生情况进行了预测，并绘制了人虎潜在遭遇风险图。我们发现，东北虎的发生正向受猎物分布的驱动，负向受家畜放牧牧场分布的驱动（p < 0.01）。在首选猎物有限的地区，即野猪（Sus scrofa）和梅花鹿（Cervus nippon），以及靠近牛群放牧地的地区，对牲畜的捕食有所增加（第<0.01页）。基于我们的模型，我们根据老虎和人类在多个时空尺度上的使用情况，将人类和老虎使用的区域划分为低、中和高风险区域。多时空尺度生态位划分管理可有效降低胡-人-虎相遇风险，促进人与虎和谐共处，也为其他发生人-野生动物冲突的地区提供新的解决方案。

Human-wildlife conflict (HWC) has become a major challenge facing conservationists, especially in regions where endangered species such as large carnivores are undergoing recovery. If the interests of humans and wildlife cannot be balanced, human-wildlife conflict may lead to adverse outcomes. However, the driving factors of human-wildlife conflict and approaches to mitigate such conflict often remain poorly understood.

This study aims to explore the triggering causes and potential mitigation strategies for human-tiger conflict risk via spatio-temporal niche partitioning. Based on reported data of Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris altaica) predation on cattle and camera trap detection data collected in Hunchun, Northeast China, from 2014 to 2019, we predicted the occurrence of Siberian tigers and mapped the potential encounter risk between humans and tigers. We found that Siberian tiger occurrence is positively driven by prey distribution and negatively driven by the distribution of livestock grazing pastures (p < 0.01). In areas where preferred prey—wild boar (Sus scrofa) and sika deer (Cervus nippon)—are limited, and in areas adjacent to cattle grazing lands, livestock predation increases (p < 0.01). Based on our model, we divided the areas used by tigers and humans into low-, medium-, and high-risk zones according to their usage across multiple spatio-temporal scales. Spatio-temporal niche partitioning management can effectively reduce human-tiger encounter risks, promote harmonious coexistence between humans and tigers, and offer new solutions for other regions affected by human-wildlife conflict.