IMOS - AusCPR: Phytoplankton Abundance

The Australian Continuous Plankton Recorder (AusCPR) survey is a joint project of CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere (O&A) and the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD) to measure plankton communities as a guide to the health of Australia's oceans. The phytoplankton abundance data are analysed as per Richardson et al 2006. Phytoplankton are usually counted from water samples after settling but in the CPR analysis we count the phytoplankton in situ. With CPR samples, the phytoplankton is captured by the mesh and are caught by the silk strands, by phytoplankton mucilage, and/or by other organisms on the silk. It is thus possible to see the phytoplankton cells directly on the mesh. In essence, the phytoplankton is already concentrated. Washing the phytoplankton off the silks to count in the standard manner may result in loss of or damage to cells before analysis. The aims of the AusCPR survey are to: * map plankton biodiversity and distribution * develop the first long-term plankton baseline for Australian waters * document plankton changes in response to climate change * provide indices for fisheries management * detect harmful algal blooms * validate satellite remote sensing * initialise and test ecosystem models. Servicing and maintenance of the CPRs and analysis of the samples for the AusCPR survey will be carried out by staff based at the O&A laboratories in Queensland and at the AAD in Hobart. The project was funded by the Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS) and falls with the Ships of Opportunity facility. Data storage and access is planned to be interoperable with other national and international programs through the IMOS Infrastructure. Results from the AusCPR survey are available through the AODN portal: https://portal.aodn.org.au. This data is freely available but please acknowledge all relevant parties, as detailed in acknowledgement section. Source: https://marlin.csiro.au/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/c1344979-f701-0916-e044-00144f7bc0f4. For information on using the data please refer to Richardson et al. 2006. It is advised that anyone using the data should read this methodology or contact the project contact person. The data are made available in binned products for ease of use. As taxonomy changes over time and the ability of analysts improves with training more and more species are able to be identified over time. The products account for these changes and for real absences from the samples. A 0 abundance means that the species was looked for and not seen, -999 means that the species was not looked for in that sample. The products are therefore applicable for use in time series analysis. There are 5 products to choose from: Raw product (includes all data); Species product (includes all data where species have been identified); Genus product (includes all data binned to genus level); Higher taxonomic group (includes all data binned to functional groups); Derived CPR Indices. The raw product contains the same information as the raw "flat table" form, but the absences have been added in and the taxonomic changes have been accounted for, for ease of use. Note: the binned and pivoted products described are currently only available by contacting [e-mail]. The latest raw data can be downloaded in "flat table" form (separate row for each taxon in each sample) on Step 3. **All files are available in bio-volume instead of abundance on request.****This dataset has been superseded by the "IMOS - Phytoplankton Abundance and Biovolume (CPR)" collection that is available at https://catalogue-imos.aodn.org.au/geonetwork/srv/api/records/8e594cd1-363a-4b58-b741-9fa3624adb77 (this collection was removed from the AODN Portal in March 2022).**

澳大利亚连续浮游生物记录仪（Australian Continuous Plankton Recorder, AusCPR）调查是由澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织海洋与大气分部（CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, O&A）与澳大利亚南极局（Australian Antarctic Division, AAD）联合实施的项目，旨在通过监测浮游生物群落状况，表征澳大利亚海域的健康水平。
浮游植物丰度数据的分析方法遵循Richardson等人2006年的研究规范。常规浮游植物计数通常需对水样进行沉降预处理后开展，而本项目采用的CPR分析方法则实现了原位计数。在CPR采样过程中，浮游植物会被采样网的筛绢捕获，并通过浮游植物黏液、筛绢表面附着的其他生物体留存于网具之上，因此可直接在网布上观察到浮游植物细胞，本质上已完成原位富集。若采用标准方法将浮游植物从筛绢上洗脱后计数，可能会导致细胞在分析前出现丢失或损伤。
AusCPR调查的核心目标如下：
* 绘制浮游生物生物多样性与空间分布图谱
* 构建澳大利亚海域首份长期浮游生物基准数据集
* 记录气候变化背景下的浮游生物群落动态变化
* 为渔业资源管理提供量化参考指标
* 监测有害藻华暴发情况
* 验证卫星遥感观测结果
* 初始化并验证海洋生态系统模型

AusCPR调查的CPR设备运维与样品分析工作，将由位于昆士兰州的O&A实验室以及霍巴特AAD的工作人员负责完成。本项目由集成海洋观测系统（Integrated Marine Observing System, IMOS）资助，隶属于“机会船舶”设施（Ships of Opportunity facility）。数据存储与共享方案将通过IMOS基础设施，与其他国内外相关项目实现互操作。

AusCPR调查的相关成果可通过澳大利亚海洋数据网络（Australian Ocean Data Network, AODN）门户获取：https://portal.aodn.org.au。该数据集免费开放使用，请务必遵循致谢章节要求标注所有相关贡献方。数据来源：https://marlin.csiro.au/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/c1344979-f701-0916-e044-00144f7bc0f4。若需了解数据使用规范，请参阅Richardson等人2006年的研究成果，建议使用者仔细阅读该方法文档或联系项目联系人。

本数据集以分箱格式（binned products）提供，以提升使用便捷性。由于分类学研究随时间不断发展，且分析人员的鉴定能力随培训经验逐步提升，后续可鉴定的物种数量逐年增加。数据产品已纳入这些动态变化因素，并考虑了样品中真实未检出的类群情况：丰度值为0代表该物种在该样品中被检出但未发现个体，值为-999则代表该物种未在该样品中开展鉴定。因此，该数据集适用于时间序列分析。目前共提供5类数据产品供选择：
* 原始产品（Raw product）：包含全部原始数据
* 物种级产品（Species product）：仅包含已完成物种鉴定的全部数据
* 属级产品（Genus product）：数据已按属级分类单元进行分箱整合
* 高级分类群产品（Higher taxonomic group）：数据已按功能类群进行分箱整合
* 衍生CPR指数产品（Derived CPR Indices）

原始产品保留了原始"flat table"格式的全部信息，并补充了未检出条目，同时适配了分类学动态变化，便于直接使用。注意：上述分箱及枢轴化产品目前仅可通过联系[e-mail]获取。最新的原始数据可在步骤3中以"flat table"格式下载（每个样品中的每个分类单元单独占一行）。**所有数据文件均可根据需求提供生物体积（biovolume）而非丰度形式的数据。**

本数据集已被"IMOS - 浮游植物丰度与生物体积（CPR）"数据集集合替代，该集合可通过https://catalogue-imos.aodn.org.au/geonetwork/srv/api/records/8e594cd1-363a-4b58-b741-9fa3624adb77获取（该集合已于2022年3月从AODN门户下架）。