BackgroundProliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is a severe complication of diabetes, and understanding its molecular mechanisms is crucial. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been implicated in
This review explores the transformative role of artificial intelligence (AI) in the early detection and prognosis prediction of diabetic retinopathy (DR), a leading cause of vision loss in diabetic pa
Gender differences in the incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy among Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a clinic-based retrospective longitudinal study
PurposeTear fluid biomarkers may offer a non-invasive strategy for detecting diabetic patients with increased risk of developing diabetic retinopathy (DR) or increased disease progression, thus helpin
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), characterized mainly with abnormal epiretinal angiogenesis forming fibrovascular membranes (FVMs), threatens vision of people with diabetes; FVMs consist of e
