Use of the Python Uncertainties Module in the calculation of experimental uncertainties of the potential difference and electric current of an experimental prototype

In this article, the Python Uncertainties Module was used in the development of the codes to perform the calculations of experimental uncertainties, both for the potential difference and for the electric currents. For this purpose, an experimental prototype was developed that demonstrates the photovoltaic effect from the use of low-cost materials and, therefore, with the objective of observing and quantifying the referred physical quantities involved. In addition, a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the photovoltaic effect was carried out, as well as of Ohm’s First Law. In this perspective, the prototype was associated with a multimeter, that allowed direct measurement of the potential difference, whose main value was (0,4558 ± 0,0004) V, when a laser beam was focused on a photodiode present in a 2N3055 transistor, but also the values of the electric currents, the main values being (81,7100 ± 0,1118) μA and (1,9990 ± 0,0320) μA, when the ohmic resistors of 1,0 kΩ and 220,0 kΩ were used, respectively. Finally, it is important to note that this article proposal aims at the annexation of physical computing in school routine, as well as promoting scientific awakening in the manufacture of specific instruments for teaching and learning physics.本文在代码开发过程中采用Python不确定性模块（Python Uncertainties Module），用于计算电势差与电流的实验不确定度。为此，本研究开发了一款采用低成本材料实现光伏效应的实验原型装置，旨在对所涉及的相关物理量进行观测与量化。此外，本研究还对光伏效应以及欧姆第一定律（Ohm’s First Law）开展了定性与定量分析。基于此原型装置，本研究将其与万用表相连，实现对电势差的直接测量：当激光束聚焦于2N3055晶体管内置的光电二极管（photodiode）时，测得的电势差主值为(0.4558 ± 0.0004) V；而当分别接入阻值为1.0 kΩ与220.0 kΩ的欧姆电阻器时，测得的电流主值依次为(81.7100 ± 0.1118) μA与(1.9990 ± 0.0320) μA。最后需说明，本文旨在将物理计算融入校园日常教学，并通过制作面向物理教与学的专用仪器，激发学生的科学启蒙意识。