Marine Noise in the Southern Ocean

Marine noise is a form of ocean pollution that may affect fauna ranging from tiny zooplankton to enormous whales. It may interfere with their acoustic sensing of the ocean environment and communication; disrupt behaviour and displace animals; unbalance energy demand and uptake; in extreme cases, cause injury and trauma; and ultimately impact health and survival. The Southern Ocean is not immune to marine noise and its impacts; however, very few studies on bioacoustic impacts have been undertaken on Antarctic species in the Southern Ocean. Here, we present an overview of sources of marine noise in the Southern Ocean, its potential impacts, mitigation options, as well as management and research needs. This brief review was written for the Antarctic Environments Portal and is based on an earlier unreleased report submitted to the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research .海洋噪音（Marine noise）是一类海洋污染形式，可对从微小浮游动物（zooplankton）到巨型鲸类的各类海洋生物造成影响。其可能干扰这些生物对海洋环境的声学感知与通讯行为，破坏其活动节律并引发栖息地偏移，扰乱能量需求与摄取平衡；极端情况下还会造成机体损伤与创伤，最终威胁其健康与生存。南大洋（Southern Ocean）亦未能免受海洋噪音及其影响的波及，但目前针对南大洋南极物种的生物声学（bioacoustic）影响研究仍极为匮乏。本综述概述了南大洋海洋噪音的来源、潜在影响、减缓方案，以及相关管理与研究需求。 本篇简短综述专为南极环境门户（Antarctic Environments Portal）撰写，其内容基于此前提交给南极研究科学委员会（Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research, SCAR）的一份未公开报告。