Supplementary Material for: Restating the Case for a Sharp Population Decline in <b><i>Lemur catta</i></b>

As with many other species in the primate order, ring-tailed lemurs <i>(Lemur catta)</i> are threatened with extinction. Our articles documented declines in wild ring-tailed lemur populations and noted that fewer than 2,500 wild ring-tailed lemurs are known to persist in 32 [Gould and Sauther: <i>Primate Conservation</i> 2016; 30: 89–101] and 34 [LaFleur et al.: <i>Folia Primatologica</i> 2017; 87: 320–330] sites. A criticism of our articles [Murphy et al.: <i>International Journal of Primatology</i> 2017; 38: 623–628] suggested that we have inadequately sampled ring-tailed lemur populations and habitats, and misused the literature. We disagree, and provide both a detailed rebuttal and responses to specific critique points herein. Moreover, we restate our case outlining a dramatic decline of ring-tailed lemurs resulting from anthropogenic pressures (deforestation, severe habitat fragmentation, extraction for the pet and bushmeat trades). We pose several thought-provoking questions as to when is the appropriate time for researchers to “sound the alarm” about a species’ decline, and remain committed to understanding the drivers of unsustainable exploitation of this emblematic lemur, and preventing their extinction in the wild.正如灵长目（Primate Order）诸多其他物种一样，环尾狐猴（ring-tailed lemur，*Lemur catta*）正濒临灭绝威胁。我们的研究论文记录了野生环尾狐猴种群的衰退情况，并指出已知仅存不足2500只野生环尾狐猴，分布于32处[Gould与Sauther：《灵长类保护》（*Primate Conservation*）2016；30：89–101]与34处[LaFleur等人：《灵长类学论文集》（*Folia Primatologica*）2017；87：320–330]调查位点。有针对本团队研究论文的批评[Murphy等人：《国际灵长类学杂志》（*International Journal of Primatology*）2017；38：623–628]称，我们对环尾狐猴种群与栖息地的采样不够充分，且误用了相关文献。对此我们不予认同，并在此提供详尽的反驳内容，以及针对各项具体批评点的回应。此外，我们重申核心论点，即环尾狐猴的种群因人为压力（森林砍伐、严重的生境破碎化、宠物贸易与丛林肉捕猎活动）而出现剧烈衰退。我们提出数个发人深省的问题，探讨研究者应当在何时针对物种衰退“拉响警报”，并将持续致力于阐明这一标志性狐猴物种遭受不可持续开发的驱动因素，同时防止它们在野外灭绝。